editor at large影视拍摄与后期制作外文文献翻译
(含：英文原文及中文译文)
文献出处： John Wiley. Video pre-production and post-production [J]. Frontiers in Psychology, 2014, 5(5):262-271.
英文原文
Video pre-production and post-production
John Wiley
Film and television media have become the most popular and most influential media types. From the fantasy world created by Hollywood movies, to the real life that television news focuses on, to overwhelming television commercials, it has profoundly influenced our world. In the past, the production of film and television programs was just a job for professionals. It seemed to be covered with a mysterious veil. For more than a decade, digital technology has
fully entered the film and television production process. Computers have gradually replaced many existing video and television equipment and played a significant role in all aspects of film and television production. But until recently, the use of video and television production had always been extremely expensive and specialized hardware and software. It was difficult for non-professionals to have the opportunity to see these devices, not to mention proficiently mastering these tools to produce their own works. With the significant increase in PC performance and the continuous decrease in prices, film and television production has gradually shifted from the previous professional-grade hardware equipment to the PC platform. The original high-value professional software was gradually transplanted to the PC platform, and the price has become increasingly popular. At the same time, the application of film and television production has also expanded from a professional film and television field to a broader field of computer games, multimedia, networks, and home entertainment. Many practitioners in these professional fields and a large number of film and television lovers can now use their computers to make their own television programs.
Many people have come into contact with the production of movies and TV programs. They started with 3D computer animation. Until now, there are many people who understand and even master 3D computer animation. Many books have been introduced in this area, but most of them are not suitable for film and television post production. Understand that related books are also less, and generally only concerned with the operation and use of a certain software. However, they do not pay much attention to the basic flow and principles of film and television post-production. I hope readers can use this book to not only understand and master the software. Use, but also a more comprehensive understanding of the entire process of film and television post-production.
1 Film and Television Post Production Overview:
The production of film and television shows is a rather complicated process. Due to the diversification of the film and television programs themselves, it can be said that there is a world of difference, from expensive film production to personally produced home videos. Although the use intentions of these programs, the production budgets, and the manpower
and material resources invested are all very different, their production processes are quite similar. In general, the production of film and television programs can be divided into pre-production, real-time production. Shooting, and post-production of the three major stages.
Pre-production is the stage of planning and preparation. For film production, this process mostly starts with the script, followed by a series of complicated processes such as setting budgets, raising funds, selecting shooting locations, selecting actors, and forming photography groups. For personal creators, this may be nothing more than a whim, and then pick up your camera and take a few minutes of interaction with the surrounding environmental figures. The shooting phase is the process of recording a picture using a camera. At this time, the material shot can be said to be the cornerstone of constructing the final finished movie.
When the main shooting work is completed, it reaches the post-production stage. Traditionally, the main task of this stage is editing, and editing the scattered material from the shooting stage into a complete movie. Generally during the shooting of a movie, the ma
terial actually shot is several times or even tens of times the length of the final cut. The editor wants to pick the most satisfying material from a large amount of material and organizes them in an appropriate way. Post-production also includes the production and synthesis of sounds. Generally only at this stage, when the extra material has been removed, the lenses have been combined in series, the picture and sound have been synchronized, and the full picture of the movie can be seen. Because of the large amount of information and meaning of the film, it is not included in the picture of a certain lens. It is included in the combination of a series of pictures and included in the connection between the picture and the sound. It is no exaggeration to say that the film and television art is very large. To the extent it is manifested in post-production.
Traditional movie clips are truly splices, and the resulting film is processed to produce a set of work samples for editing. The editor selects the desired lens from a large number of samples, cuts the film with scissors, sticks them with tape or glue, and then watches the effect of the clip on the editing table. This repeated process of cutting and pasting is repeated continuously. Until the last look when satisfied with the results. This process is still
very common until now. Although it may seem primitive, it is non-linear. The editor does not have to work from beginning to end, because he can cut the samples at any time from the middle, insert a shot, or cut out some pictures directly, without affecting the whole movie. However, this method is powerless for many production techniques. The editor cannot create a special fusion screen between the two shots, nor can he adjust the color of the screen. All these techniques can only be completed during the printing process, and the manual operation of scissors and paste is also inefficient.