第二类  ENGINE 发动机一、Engine construction 发动机构造
序号英文中文
1 rocker
arm
cover 摇臂罩
2 valve rocker arm 气门摇臂
3 camshaft 凸轮轴
4 camshaft
drive 凸轮轴驱动轮
5 spark plug lead 火花塞导线
6 timing belt cover 正时皮带罩
7 valve
spring 气门弹簧
8 poppet
valve 菌形气门
9 piston 活塞
10 connecting
rod 连杆
11 timing
belt 正时皮带
12 combustion
chamber 燃烧室
13 cylinder
block 汽缸体
14 water
jacket 水套
15 oil
filter 机油滤清器
16 flywheel 飞轮
17 ring
gear 齿圈
18 oil gage 机油标尺
19 oil
pan/sump 油底壳
20 crankshaft 曲轴
21 drain plug 放油孔塞
22 v-belt pulley V型皮带轮
二、Essential term 基本术语
序号英文中文
1 cylinder
diameter 汽缸直径
2 piston
stroke 活塞行程
3 crank
radius 曲轴半径
4 piston
displacement 活塞排量
5 compression chamber
volume
压缩室容积
6 total cylinder volume 总汽缸容积
7 top dead center 上止点
8 bottom
dead
center 下止点
三、Engine operation principle
发动机工作原理
3.1 Four-stroke gasoline engine operation principle
四冲程汽油机工作原理
序号英文中文
1 intake
stroke 进气行程
2 compression
stroke 压缩行程
3 expansion
stroke 膨胀行程
4 exhaust
stroke 排气行程
5 combustible
mixture 可燃混合气6 intake
valve 进气门
7 spark
plug 火花塞
8 exhaust
valve 排气门
9 exhaust
gas 废气
3.2 Four-stroke diesel engine operational principle
四冲程柴油机工作原理
序号英文中文
1 intake
stroke 进气行程
2 compression
stroke 压缩行程
3 expansion
stroke 膨胀行程
4 exhaust
stroke 排气行程
5 intake 进气
6 compression 压缩
7 combustion 燃烧
8 expansion 膨胀
9 exhaust 排气
10 air 空气
11 injector 喷油器
12 exhaust
gas 废气
3.3 Two-stroke gasoline engine operation principle
二冲程汽油机工作原理
序号英文中文
1 combustible
mixture 可燃混合气2 inlet
port 进气口
3 crankcase 曲轴箱
4 precompressed
mixture 预压混合气序号英文中文
5 transfer
canal 输气道
6 intake
port 进气口
7 exhaust
port 排气口
8 exhaust
gas 废气
9 spark
plug 火花塞3.4 Two-stroke diesel engine operation principle
二冲程柴油机工作原理
1 air 空气
2 blower
pump 扫气泵
3 precompressed
air 预压空气4 air
chamber 空气室
5 inlet
port 进气口
6 injector 喷油器
7 exhaust
valve 排气门
8 exhaust
gas 废气四、Engine performance 发动机性能序号英文中文
1 fixed throttle
characteristics
速度特性
2 part throttle
characteristics
负荷特性
3 engine
speed 转速
4 torque 扭矩
5 horsepower 功率
6 specific
fuel
consumption 燃油消耗率五、Crank connecting rod mechanism
曲柄连杆机构
5.1 Cylinder block 机体组
序号英文中文
1 cylinder
block 汽缸体
2 cylinder
liner 汽缸套
3 cylinder bearing surface 汽缸套表面
4 cylinder head汽缸盖
5 inlet manifold mounting
flange
进气歧管
凸缘
6 oil inlet hole 加油孔
7 cylinder
head
cover 汽缸盖罩序号英文中文
8 cylinder
head
gasket 汽缸盖衬垫
9 oil filter mounting flange
机油滤清器
凸缘
10
ventilating pipe
mounting seat
通风管座11
cylinder block stiffening
rib
汽缸体
加强肋
12 rear main bearing cover 后主轴承罩
13 main
bearing
cap 主轴承盖
14 oil sumppan gasket 油底壳衬垫
15 oil
sump/pan 油底壳16
fuel pump mounting
flange
燃油泵凸缘17
ignition distributor
mounting flange
分电器凸缘18
camshaft bearing bush
seat
凸轮轴
轴承座19
camshaft drive(gear)
cover
凸轮轴
驱动齿轮罩20
cylinder head cover
gasket
汽缸盖罩
衬垫5.2  Piston,connecting rod 活塞连杆组序号英文中文
1 connecting rod shank 连杆杆身
2 connecting rod small end 连杆小头
3 connecting rod bushing 连杆衬套
4 spring
clip 弹簧卡环5 piston
pin 活塞销6 piston
head 活塞头部
7 piston ring groove 活塞环槽
8 compression
ring 压缩环
9 oil scraper ring 油环
10 piston
skirt 活塞裙部
11 piston pin boss 活塞销座
12
connecting rod bearing
halfshell
连杆轴瓦
13 connecting rod cap 连杆螺栓
14 connecting rod cap 连杆大头盖
15 Connecting rod end 连杆大头
5.3 Crankshaft,flywheel 曲轴飞轮组序号英文中文
1 crankshaft front end 曲轴前端
2 front main journal 前主轴颈
3 oil passage hole 机油孔
4 crank
pin 曲柄销
5 crank
web 曲柄臂
6 counterweight 平衡重
7 crankshaft
collar 曲轴后端凸缘
8 flywheel 飞轮
9 flywheel gear ring 飞轮齿圈
10 flywheel
lock
plate 飞轮锁片11 clutch shaft bearing 离合器轴轴承
12 main bearing halfshell
(upper,lower)
主轴承（上、
下）轴瓦
13 crankshaft thrust halfring 曲轴止推片
scraper14 bearing
tang 轴瓦定位凸键
六、Valve mechanism 配气机构
6.1 Side valve 侧置气门
序号英文中文
1 camshaft 凸轮轴
2 cam 凸轮
3 tappet 气门挺杆
4 side
valve 侧置气门5 crankshaft
timing
gear 曲轴正时齿轮6 camshaft
gear-wheel 凸轮轴齿轮7 gear
drive 齿轮传动
6.2 Overhead valve 顶置气门
序号英文中文
1 camshaft 凸轮轴
2 camfollower 凸轮顶杆
3 push
rod 推杆
4 adjuster 调整螺钉
5 cocker
shaft 摇臂轴
6 rocker
shaft 摇臂
7 valve
spring 气门弹簧序号英文中文
8 valve 气门
9 valve 气道
10 combustion
chamber 燃烧室
6.3 Overhead valve 顶置气门序号英文中文
1 camshaft front bearing 凸轮轴前轴承
2 valve
head 气门头
3 valve
stem 气门杆
4 tappet 挺筒
5 lower valve spring collar 气门弹簧下环
6 outer valve spring 外气门弹簧
7 valve
guide 气门导管
8 inner valve spring 内气门弹簧
9 shielding
cap 护帽
10 oil
flinger 油封
11 upper valve spring collar 气门弹簧上环
12 valve split cone 气门锁片
13 closer 螺塞
14 rocker
shaft 摇臂轴
15 rocker
arm 摇臂
16 rocker
bracket 摇臂支座17 retaining
washer 定位摇臂18 thrust
washer 止推摇臂19 rocker
adjusting
screw 摇臂调整螺钉20 push
rod 推杆
21 camshaft
rear
bush 凸轮轴后轴承
22 camshaft 凸轮轴
23 camshaft center bush 凸轮轴中间轴承
承承承
24 cam 凸轮
25 oil pump driving gear 机油泵驱动齿轮6.4  Valve-timing diagram 配气相位图序号英文中文
1 TDC（top dead center）上止点
2 BDC(bottom dead center) 下止点
3 intake
opens 进气门开序号英文中文
4 intake
close 进气门关5 exhaust
opens 排气门开6 exhaust
closes 排气门关7 direction
of
rotation 旋转方向
七、Gasoline engine-fuel system
汽油机供油泵
7.1 Fuel system 供油泵
序号英文中文
1 fuel level gauge 油面指示表
2 air
cleaner 空气滤清器
3 carburetor 化油器
4 inlet
manifold 进气歧管5 exhaust
manifold 排气歧管6 fuel
pump 汽油泵
7 fuel
filter 汽油滤清器8 exhaust
silencer 排气消声器9 fuel
pipe 油管
10 fuel
tank 汽油箱
7.2 Air cleaner 空气滤清器
序号英文中文
1 intake
tube 进气管
2 deflector
knob 导流旋扭3 air
deflector 空气导流器4 cleaner
body 滤清器壳5 butterfly
nut 蝶形螺帽6 filter
cover 滤清器盖
7 filter seal ring 滤清器密封环
8 cleaner
cartridge 滤清器滤芯9 silencer
element 消声元件10 crankcase
bleed
pipe 曲轴箱通风管11 hot
air
pipe 热空气管7. 3 Fuel pump,fuel filter汽油泵，汽油滤清器序号英文中文
1 fuel
pump
base 汽油泵座2 diaphragm 膜片
序号英文中文
3 fuel inlet neck 汽油进口
4 fuel
pump
body 汽油泵壳5 filter
screen 滤清器网6 bowl
cover 泵盖
7 fuel
feed
port 汽油出口
8 distance
washer 调整间隔垫圈9 diaphragm
spring 膜片弹簧10 rocker
arm 摇臂
11 fulcrum
pin 杠杆支点销12 fuel
filter 汽油滤清器13 filter
body 滤清器壳14 filter
cartridge 滤清器滤芯15 glass
bowl 玻璃滤杯16 bowl retaining clip 滤杯支承夹
7.4 Simple carburetor 简单化油器
序号英文中文
1 air
cleaner 空气滤清器2 valve
needle 针阀
3 float 浮子
4 nozzle 喷管
5 chock
tube 喉管
6 throttle
valve 节气门
7 intake
manifold 进气歧管8 metering
jet 量孔
9 float
chamber 浮子室
10 intake
valve 进气门
7.5  Carburetor 化油器
序号英文中文
1 down-draft
carburetor 下喷式化油器
2 nozzle 喷管
3 float
chamber 浮子室
4 choke
tube 喉管
5 throttle
valve 节气门
6 intake
manifold 进气歧管7 two-barrel
carburetor 双管化油器
序号英文中文
8 choke
tube 喉管
9 plug 旋塞
10 filter
gauze 滤清器金属丝网11 fFuel
inlet
port 进气门口12 valve
seat 阀座
13 valve
needle 针阀
14 float
needle
valve 浮子针阀15 float
pivot
pin 浮子销
16 float 浮子
17 float
chamber 浮子室
18 accelerator
pump 加速泵7.6  Carburetor elements化油器零件序号英文中文
1 throttle
lever 节气门杆2 pull
lever 拉杆
3 release
lever 放松杆
4 throttle
valve
spindle 节气门轴5 throttle
valve 节气门
6 main
metering
jet 主量孔
7 idle
metering
jet 怠速量孔
8 accelerator pump
discharge nozzle
加速泵输出
喷管
9 ball
valve 球阀
10 emulsion
pipe 泡沫管
11 air
jet 空气喷孔12 starting
device
jet 起动喷孔
13 accelerator pump piston 加速泵活塞
14 operating
cam 操纵凸轮
15 accerlerator pump lever 加速泵杆
16 adjustable
stop 可调限位螺钉7.7  Carburetor control 化油器操纵件序号英文中文
1 throttle control lever 节气门操纵杆