中国官阶翻译方法谈：
1.正职头衔翻译法
1）用chief来表示的职衔
总司令  Commander-in—chief
总编辑  Editor—in-chief
总参谋长 chief of General Staff
总工程师 Chief Engineer
总会计师 Chief Account
总建筑师 Chief Architect
总裁判  Chief Referee
图书馆馆长 Chief Librarian
主任秘书  chief secretary
主治医师  chief/ attending doctor
首席法官 Chief Judge
检察长  Chief Procurator  procuratorate 检察院 The Supreme Procuratorate of PRC
总裁/首席执行官 Chief Executive Officer 首席财务官 Chief Financial Officer
首席记者  Chief Correspondent
首席谈判代表 Chief Negotiator 入世首席谈判代表: Chief Negotiator of China’s WTO Entry Negotiation 龙永图
部：ministry 司厅：department 局：bureau处：division 科：section
司厅/局/处/科长 Chief / head / director of the Department / Bureau / Division / Section
县/区/乡/镇长 County / District/ Township乡 / Town镇 Chief / Head
2) 用general表示的职衔
总书记 General Secretary of Communist Party
检察长 Procurator—general
审计长 Auditor-general
秘书长 Secretary-general
总领事 Consul［’kɔnsəl]-general 领事馆：consulate ［ˈkɔnsjulit] 大使：ambassador 大使馆：embassy
总经理 General Manager; managing director
3）用head表示的职衔
总教练 Head coach
总厨  Head Chef
护士长 Head nurse
村长 Village Head
列车长 Head of a train crew
4） 用president表示的职衔
President
中国科学院院长 President of the Chinese Academy of Science
院长 President of the Supreme People’s Court
(大学)校长 President (中小学校长 principal； headmaster）
中国人民银行行长 President / Governor(州长; 主管； 总督; 董事) of the Chinese People's Bank 周小川
协会/学会/理事会会长 President of an association / society / council
Consul［’kɔnsəl]领事 / counsel［ˈkaunsl］劝告，忠告, counselor[’kaʊnslə］顾问，律师，辅导员 / council［ˈkaunsl]理事会, 委员会, 商议
5）用chairman表示的职衔
人大常委会委员长 NPC（National People's Congress） Chairman
政治协商会议主席 CPPCC（Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference）Chairman
中央军委主席    Chairman of the Central Military Commission
政党主席        Chairman of a political party
公司董事长      Chairman of the Board of Directors
大学系主任      Chairman/Dean/Head of a department
6) 用director表示的职衔
主任        Director / Director—General
总政治部主任 Director of the General Political Department
办公厅主任  Director of the General Office
亚洲司司长  Director of the Department of Asian Affairs
总干事      Director—General
人民日报社社长 Director of the People's Daily
编译局editor in chief是什么意思局长  Director of the Compilation and Translation Bureau
研究所所长  Director of a research institute
博物馆馆长  Director of a museum
7) 用Commissioner表示的职衔
行/公署专员 commissioner
自治州州长  commissioner
公安局局长  Police Commissioner
8） 用senior表示的职衔
高级工程师  Senior Engineer
高级编辑    Senior Editor
高级讲师    Senior Lecturer
9） 用executive表示的职衔
执行主席 executive chairman  代理：acting
执行秘书 executive secretary
10) 用senior表示的职衔
高级编辑senior editor
高级工程师senior engineer
资深翻译senior translator
11） 其他
总理  Premier； Prime Minister 
国务委员  State Councilor  国务院:State Council
部长  Minister
省长  Provincial Governor
顾问  Advisor
特使  envoy / special envoy ['envɔi]
特级教师senior teacher of special grade
特派记者accredited correspondent
特约编辑contributing editor
2 副职头衔翻译法
1）与前缀vice搭配的头衔（president， premier, chairman, minister, governor.。。）
副主席  Vice Chairman
副总理  Vice Premier
副部长  Vice Minster
副领事  Vice Consul
副省长  Vice Governor
副校长  Vice Principal
2) Deputy搭配的职衔 （chief， head， mayor, director， ）
副市长  Deputy/Vice Mayor
副书记  Deputy Secretary
副秘书长 Deputy Secretary—general
副检察长 Deputy Chief Procurator
副参谋长 Deputy Chief of Staff
副处/科长 Deputy Division / Section Chief
3）与associate搭配的职衔
副教授  Associate Professor
副研究员  Associate Research Fellow
副主任医师 Associate Senior Doctor
4) 与assistant搭配的职衔
副总经理  assistant/deputy general manager
大堂副经理  assistant manager
助理工程师  assistant engineer
助理教授    assistant professor
3 “兼"“代理"“名誉”的翻译方法
1)“兼”的翻译方法：在主职和兼职之间加上and concurrently （兼；同时发生地；一致地)
上海市委书记兼市长 Party Secretary and concurrently Mayor of Shanghai
2)“代理”用acting
代主席  Acting President
代市长  Acting Mayor
3)“名誉”有时用honorary,有时用emeritus (荣誉退休的）
名誉主席 Honorary Chairman
名誉校长 Emeritus President