1.正职头衔翻译法
  我国的正职头衔通常以“总……”、“首席……”、“……长”、“……主席”、“……主任”等方式出现,英语一般用 chief,general,head,president,chairman,director,commissioner,commander,executive,senior 等词来搭配。但究竟选用哪个词应根据英语的表达习惯和汉语的约定俗成来加以确定。
 
(1) chief来表示的职衔
  总司令;总指挥 Commander-in-Chief
  总编辑 Editor-in-Chief
  总参谋长 Chief of General Staff
  总工程师 Chief Engineer .
  总会计师 Chief Accountant
  总建筑师 Chief Architect
  总裁判 Chief Referee
  图书馆馆长 Chief Librarian
  首席法官;审判长 Chief Judge
  检察长 Chief Procurator
  总裁;首席执行官 Chief Executive Officer(CEO)
  首席记者 Chief Correspondent
首席谈判代表 Chief Negotiator
司/厅/局/处/科长 Chief/Head of the Department/Bureau/Division/Section
  县/区/乡/镇长 County/District/Township/Town Chief/Head
 
(2) general表示的职衔
  总书记 General Secretary
  检察长Procurator-general
  审计长 Auditor-general
  秘书长 Secretary-general
  总领事 Consul-general
  总监 Inspector-general;Chief Inspector
  总经理 General Manager
 
(3) head表示的职衔
  总教练Head Coach
  总厨Head Chef
  护士长Head Nurse
  村长 Village Head
  列车长Head of a train crew
  代表团团长Head of a delegation
 
(4) president表示的职衔
  President
  中国科学院院长President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
  院长President of the Higher People’s Court
  特别法庭庭长President of a special court
  南京大学校长 President of Nanjing University
  中国人民银行行长President/Governor of the Chinese People’S Bank
  协会/学会/理事会会长President of an association/society/council
 
(5) chairman表示的职衔
  人大常委会委员长 NPC Chairman
  政协主席 CPPCC Chairman
  中央军委主席 Chairman of the Central Military Commission
  政党主席 Chairman of a political party
  公司董事长 Chairman of the Board of Directors
  大学系主任 Chairman/Dean/Head of a department
 
(6) director表示的职衔
  总政治部主任Director of the General Political Department
  办公厅主任Director of the General Office
  亚洲司司长Director of the Department of Asian Affairs
  人民日报社社长Director of the People’s Daily
  编译局局长Director of the Compilation and Translation Bureau
  研究所所长Director of an institute
  博物馆馆长Director of a museum
  医院院长Director/President of a hospital
  美国学中心主任Director of the American Studies Center
  工厂厂长Director of a factory
 
(7) commissioner表示的职衔
  行/公署专员 Commissionereditors in chief
  自治州州长 Commissioner
公安局局长Police Commissioner
 
(8) commander表示的职衔
  军区司令员 Commander of a military region
  军/师/团/营/连长 Corps/Division/Regiment/Battalion/Company Commander
 
(9) executive表示的职衔
  执行主席 Executive Chairman
  行政/执行秘书 Executive Secretary
 
(10) senior表示的职衔
  高级工程师 Senior Engineer
  高级讲师 Senior Lecturer
  高级编辑 Senior Editor
  高级农艺师 Senior Agronomist
 
(11) 用其他词表示的职衔
  总理Premier;Prime Minister
  国务委员 State Councilor
  部长 Minister
  省长Provincial Governor
  顾问 Advisor
  财务总监 Financial Comptroller/Controller
 
2.副职头衔翻译法
  英语表示副职的词主要有vice,deputy,associate和assistant等。根据英语的搭配习惯,vice通常与president,premier,chairman,minister,governor等配对使用;deputy一般与 chief,head,secretary,mayor,director等配对使用;assistant通常与manager,headmaster等配对使用;associate常常与professor等配对使用。
 
(1) 与前缀vice一词搭配的职衔
  副主席 Vice Chairman
  副总理 Vice Premier
  副部长 Vice Minister
  副省长 Vice Governor
  副领事 Vice Consul
  副校长(中学) Vice Principal
 
(2) deputy一词搭配的职衔
  副市长Deputy/Vice Mayor
  副书记Deputy Secretary
  副秘书长Deputy Secretary-general
  副检察长Deputy Chief Procurator
  副参谋长Deputy Chief of Staff
  副行长Deputy Governor
副处/科长Deputy Division/Section Chief
副司/所/厂长Deputy Director
  副总编Deputy Editor-in-Chief
  大学副系主任Deputy Dean/Head of a department
代表团副团长Deputy Head of a delegation
 
(3) assistant一词搭配的职衔
  部长助理 Assistant Minister
  副总经理 Assistant General Manager
  中小学副校长 Assistant Headmaster
  助理教授 Assistant Professor
  助理编辑 Assistant Editor
 
(4) associate一词搭配的职衔
  副教授 Associate Professor
  副研究员 Associate Research Fellow
 
3.“兼"、“代理”、“名誉"等职衔的翻译
(1)“兼”字的翻译,在主职与兼职之间加-and concurrently表示,如:
  上海市委书记兼市长Party Secretary and concurrently Mayor of Shanghai
 
(2)“代理”一词用acting,如:
  代主席/总理/市长 Acting President/Premier/Mayor
  代主任 Acting Director
 
(3)“名誉”一词有时用honorary,有时必须用emeritus(荣誉退休的),如:
  名誉主席/会长/顾问Honorary Chairman/Chairman/Advisor
  名誉校长/教授 Emeritus President/Professor