状语only doing sth 与 only to do sth的区别
 
比较“only+现在分词（短语）”和“only+不定式（短语）”：这两个结构在句中都可以用来表示结果。但有区别：后接现在分词往往表示一种自然的合乎逻辑的结果，而后接不定式往往表示一种出乎意料的或令人失望的结果。如：
He went out of the room with few clothes on, only feeling rather cold. 他出去时衣穿得很少，渐渐地感到有些冷了。
I arrived at the shop only to find I’d left all my money at home. 我到商店却发现钱全放在家里。
He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. 他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
I arrived at the shop only to find I'd left all my money at home. 我到商店却发现钱全落在家了。
His opposition served only to strengthen our resolve. 他一反对反而增强了我们的决心。
She ran to the station only to find that the train had left. 她跑到火车站，但火车却开走了。
Yesterday I went to see him ,_____that he had gone abroad two days before.
A. only to learn      B) only learning
答：
昨天我去看他，才知道他两天前已经出国了。
不定式作状语，表示结果。
resolve to do sth
“ only ＋不定式”结构常用来作句子的结果状语，表示随后发生的动作是一个未曾预料到的令人懊丧的结果，或表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。例如：
  　1. They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. 他们搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。
  　2. I hurried to the airport only to be told that the plan had taken off. 我匆匆忙忙赶到机场，
却被告知飞机早已起飞了。
  　二 . 表示结果的“ only ＋不定式”结构，可以改为由 and 或 but 连接的并列句，但仍然表示结果之意。例如：
  　I ran to the school, only to be informed that I wasn”t admitted by Beijing University.
  　相当于： I ran to the school and was informed that I wasn”t admitted by Beijing University. 我是跑着去学校的，却被告知没有被北京大学录取。
    三 . “ only ＋不定式”结构也可以表示目的。例如：
  　She didn”t call you only not to trouble you. 她没给你打电话是不想给你添麻烦。
  　四 . “ if only ”表示语气上的转折，常译为：“即使只是为了……”。例如：
  　I would rather make a journey to Emei Mountain, if only to enjoy some fresh air. 我宁愿去峨眉山，就算只是为了呼吸一点新鲜空气也值。
  　五 . “ have only to do sth. ”结构意为“只要……就行”。例如：
  　You have only to finish your own job. 你只要完成你的那份工作就行了。
  　六 . “ have to... ”结构表示“只要……就”。例如：
  　You have only to call us in 8 hours to get a set of software worth of 60 dollars. 只要在 8 小时之内给我们打电话，你就会获得一套价值 60 美元的软件。