英语国际音标
英语共有44个音素，其中元音20个，辅音24个，另外还有4个辅音连缀(/ts/,/dz/,/tr/,/dr/)。英语辅音和元音的作用相当于汉语中的声母和韵母。记录英语音素的符号叫做音标，音标放在两条斜线(/ /)内，以免和字母混淆。
1.元音
/i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ/ /ɜ:/ /ə/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ/ /ɔ:/ /ɒ/ /u:/ /ʊ/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/
2.辅音
清音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /h/
浊音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /r/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /w/ /j/
英语字母在单词中的读音
1.元音字母与元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
a /eɪ/ game late name plane sale same take table David
/æ/ bat bag black dad fat math map thank happy jacket
/ɒ/or/ɑ:/ watch what want
/ɑ:/or/æ/ after ask last class basketball father
al /ɔ:/ all ball call small talk walk
ay /eɪ/ day May play say
ar /ɑ:(r)/ art car card party March star
e /i:/ he me she we these
/e/ bed egg help ten get desk let next sell twelve
ea /i:/ eat please speak easy teacher
/e/ head bread breakfast healthy sweater
ee /i:/ beef green meat need see free three week fifteen
er /ɜ:(r)/ her hers term
ear /ɪə(r)/or/ɪr/ dear near hear clear
/eə(r)/or/er/ bear pear wear
i /aɪ/ like nice nine price time white tidy
/ɪ/ big quilt thing think trip with middle
ir /ɜ:(r)/ first girl shirt skirt third birthday thirty
o /əʊ/ no go so old those clothes photo phone sofa
/ɒ/or/ɑ:/,/ɔ:/ box clock dog long lost sock dollar model
/ʌ/ come love month son brother mother Monday
oo /ʊ/ book good look foot
/u:/ cool food room school too
or /ɔ:(r)/ short sport morning
ou /aʊ/ found sound about trousers
ow /aʊ/ brown how now
oy /ɔɪ/ boy toy
u /ju:/ music excuse student Tuesday useful computer
/ʌ/ but cup fun lunch much must number subject uncle
/u:/ blue June ruler
ur /ɜ:(r)/ turn burger purple Thursday
2.元音字母和元音字母组合在非重读音节中的读音
a about China salad sofa banana vegetable
e/i hello science April
clothes的音标o/or /ə/(/ə(r)/) carrot second favorite tomato color doctor
ar/er dollar brother dinner under number
u/ur August difficult Saturday
e /ɪ/ eraser eleven relaxing
i English evening morning music
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