Unit 12 词汇篇 
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第十二单元重点单词和句型
词语解析:
1.unexpected
用作形容词,意为出乎意料的;始料不及的。是由形容词expected(意料的)加前缀 un构成。
2.oversleep
oversleep是动词,意为睡过头;睡得太久,是合成词,由over(超过)+sleep (睡觉)构成,其过去式和过去分词都是overslept
3.by the time
(1)by the time意为不迟于;在……之前,相当于not later than (a time) before,可用于一般将来时或者过去完成时。
(2) by the time意为……时为止;到……,注重时间的截止。
4.What happened?发生了什么事?
weight常用短语
happen指偶然的、没有预料的发生,其结果往往给人带来不幸或麻烦。
【拓展】
(1) happen to sb./sth.指某人或某物发生什么事。
(2)happen to do sth.表示碰巧做某事
(3)It happened that…意为碰巧……”
5.give sb.a lift
该短语意为捎某人一程,书面语。与give sb.a ride意思相同,只不过该短语常用于口语中。
6.discovery
discovery用作名词,意为发现;发觉。其动词形式为discover,意为发现
7.marry
marry作及物动词,意为嫁、娶;与……结婚。其常用法有:
(1)marry sb.意为和某人结婚;嫁给某人
(2)marryto…意为……嫁给……”
【拓展】get married 结婚; be/get married to ……结婚
【注意】marryget married都是终止性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,如果表示结婚一段时间,应该用be married
8.cancel
cancel用作动词,意为取消;终止。其过去式和过去分词可以是canceled,也可以是cancelled
9.believable
believable作形容词,意为可相信的;可信任的。其动词形式为believe,意为相信;其反义词为unbelievable意为难以置信的
10.disappear
disappear用作动词,意为消失;不见。其反义词为appear,意为出现
11.Many April Fool’s jokes may end up being not very funny.许多愚人节玩笑的结局并非十分好玩。
end up意为结束;以……告终,后接介词或动名词。
12.fool
(1)作名词,意为白痴;傻瓜
(2)作动词,意为欺骗;愚弄
【拓展】其形容词形式为foolish,意为傻的;愚蠢的
13.invite的用法
invite作及物动词,其用法主要有:
(1)invite sb.to sth.意为邀请某人去……”
(2) do sth.意为邀请某人做某事
(3) some place意为邀请某人去某地
【拓展】invitationn.邀请
14.辨析embarrassingembarrassed
(1)embarrassing意为使人尴尬的;令人为难的,主语一般指物。
(2)embarrassed意为窘迫的;害羞的,主语一般是人。
15.get dressed
get dressed意为穿衣,由get+dressed这一过去分词构成,类似的用法还有:get lost“迷路get caught in the rain“困在雨中等。
【拓展】get dressed in+/衣服;dress sb.意为给某人穿衣服
16.costume party
该短语意为化装舞会
17.be about to do  sth.
be about to do sth.是一种表示将来的结构,这种结构表现为眼前的;眼下的将来,即很快、马上就要发生,不能与时间状语连用。
【链接】be going to do sth.也是将来时的一种结构,但其表示即将;打算做什么,其后可以与时间状语连用。
18.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.我们直愣愣地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟,无法相信。
(1)stare表示(目不转睛地)盯着瞧;凝视的意思,是不及物动词,当接宾语时需要用介词at来引入所注视的内容。
(2)介词短语in disbelief用来表示人们持有怀疑、疑虑的态度,常与stare at sb.,shake one’s head等搭配使用。
(3)on,over,above的辨析
三个词都表示……的意思。其区别是:
on表示……上面,物体与物体之间互相接触。
over强调垂直的正上方。
above表示……上方,只表示在某物上的高低位置,且互不接触。
19.till
既可以用作连词,又可以用作介词,表示到;直到谓语动作或状态延续的时间终点。因为,肯定句中的谓语必须是延续性动词。若主句是瞬间动词,则主句的动词要用否定形式,或含有否定意义的词,意为直到…………”
重点句式
1. By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.
当我起床时,我哥哥已经进了浴室了。
2. By the time I got outside, the bus had already gone. 当我出来时,公汽已经走了。
3. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.
当我到达学校时,我才意识到我把背包忘在家里了。
4. By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
当我走进教室时,老师已经开始讲课了。
5. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already showed up.
当我到达晚会时, 其他的每个人都已经到了。
6. When he put the noodles into the bowl, he realized he had forgotten to add the green beans.
当他把面条放进碗里时,他意识到他忘了添加绿豆荚了。
7. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he had gone into the building.
在她得到一个向他告别的机会之前,他已经进入楼房了。
1.It was such an _______joke that everyone felt really .
A. embarrassing; embarrassed      B. embarrassed; embarrassing
C. embarrassed; embarrassed      D. embarrassing; embarrassing
2.Emily’s new books are very popular.They were _______in an hour.
A.sold out            B.showed up            C.put off                D.took out
3.—Will you take part in the football game on Sunday afternoon?
—Yes,but it has been _______because of the rain.
A.refused                B.controlled            C.cancelled            D.served
4.—Look!What is over there?
—It may be a plane flying_______the sky.
A.at                B.over                  C.above            D.in
5.My aunt always hopes to _______a doctor.
A.marry                  B.marry to            C.be married            D.get married
解析:
1.B. Embarrassed尴尬地; embarrassing令人尴尬的
2.A.sell out 卖光,show up 炫耀,put off推迟 took out取出
3.C.cancell 取消,refuse拒绝,control控制,serve服务
4.D.辨别介词 in,in the sky
5.A.marry sb/get married to sb 嫁娶sb
基础演练
I.用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。
invite, embarrassed, fool, costume, happen
1.I felt like a _______when I realized my mistake.
2.Mary wears a beautiful _______at the party.
3.Last Sunday my friend _______me to her birthday party.
4.Let’s go and see what is _______over there.
5.I was very _______at the party because I wore the wrong clothes.