常用形容词辨析
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常用形容词辨析
  常见形容词辨析
  1、calm, quiet, still, silent
  这几个词都与“静”有关,但它们所表示静的对相是不同的,所描述的物体、场合是不同的。
  (1) calm 常指天气平静、无风,海无浪,心境镇定,无忧虑,镇静自若,强调外表等。如:
  The weather is calm and the sea is calm. 天气和大海是一片宁静。
  Although she was frightened, she answered with a calm voice. 尽管她心里害怕,她回答问题时心里还是很镇定。
  (2) quiet “静止的、宁静的、没有激动、烦恼、忧虑的、”,强调没有扰乱,没有兴奋活动或闹声的“宁静”或“心神安逸”。如:
  Ask the children to make less noise and keep quiet. 让孩子们小点声,保持安静。
  (3) still “静止不动”、“平静”,突出不发出动作。如:
  Please stand still while I am ready to take the photograph. 站着别动,我给你们照相。
  It was very late and the night was still. 更深夜静。
  (4)silent “声音极小的”、“沉默的”、“寡言的”。如:
  John is a silent, thoughtful boy. 约瀚是个不爱讲话,喜欢思考的孩子。
  The house was silent because everyone was asleep. 房子里很安静,所有的人都睡着了。
  2、worth, worthy
  (1) worth 表示“值”、“相等于…的价值”。表示“价值…”的意思时,常与表示钱方面的名词连用;表示“值得…”的意思时,常与名词连用。它一般用作表语。常用下面两种句型:sth+ be worth + 动名词或名词,It + be worth (one’s) while + 动名词(或不定式)。如:
  The city is well worth visiting twice. 这个城市很值得再去看看。
  =It is worthwhile to visit/visiting the city twice.
  =It is worth our while to visit the city twice.
  =It is worthwhile for us to visit the city twice.
  What you have done is worth praise. 你所做的修复表扬。
  (2)worthy 作“值得”、“应……的”、“足以……”解。用作形容词时,表示对某事有资格或合适的意思,通常作表语用。后接of短语或不定式。它还可表示可尊敬的,有价值的等到意思,用作定语。如:
  She is worthy of praise.= She is worth praise. 她值得表扬。
  The science fiction is very worthy of being read.
  =The science fiction is very worthy to be read. 这篇科技故事值得一读。
  =The science fiction is well worth reading.
  =It is worthwhile reading the science fiction.
  =It is worthwhile to read the science fiction.
  3、a bit, a little
  两个短语都可用定语修饰名词,意思都是“有一点”;a little可直接置于名词前,a bit则需要加上of才行。如:
  There is a little (或a bit of) water left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩下一点水。
  当它们用作副词词组时,在肯定句子中意思都是“稍微、有点”,可以互相换用。如:
  I feel a bit/a little sick today. 我今天感觉有点病了。
  I’m afraid you speak a little/a bit fast. 恐怕你说的有点快。
  在否定句中作副词词组的a bit和a little就不能相互换用。a bit 强化句中的否定。not a bit相当于not at all,意思为“毫不”,a little则和句子的否定构成双重否定,not a little等very, much, a lot,为“很多、非常”之意。如:
  The car didn’t move a bit. 小汽车一动也不动。
  I am not a little tired. 我很累。
editor的名词和动词形式
  4、alone, lonely
  这两个词拼写和词义都很接近,但含义和用法有差异。alone的意思是“独自、单独”。仅用作表语和副词。放在名词或代词之后,可表示“只有、仅仅”的意思。如:
  Most of the time, I am alone at home. 很多时候我独自一人呆在家里。
  I can’t lift the box alone; I need your help. 我自己抬不动这盒子,我需要你帮忙。
  Gifts alone are not enough for a child, because he needs love most. 礼物本身对孩子来说还够,因为他们最需要的是爱。
  lonely 既作定语形容词也可作表语形容词。作定时,词义为“孤单的、偏僻的、荒凉的”。如:a lonely traveller(孤身旅行的人), a lonely house(荒凉的房子), a lonely mountain village(荒凉的山村)等。作定语时,lonely表示“寂寞的、孤单的”,指因缺乏人作伴而产生的忧郁和寂寞。如: