实用英文写作与翻译2-1作业及参考答案
第一次作业：
Americans Eat Out More often and Less Healthfully
    Although food cooked at home is far more healthful than meals eaten at restaurants, Americans are dining out more than ever, the . Agriculture Department said Tuesday. Restaurant food accounted for（[在数量，比例方面] 占） 39 percent of . meals bought in 1996, up from 26 percent in 1970, the department said in a report, ``Away-From-Home Foods Increasingly Important to Quality of American Diet.'' ``While（尽管）the nutritional quality（营养质量）of foods consumed by Americans has improved overall, foods prepared at home are generally much more healthful than away-from-home foods,'' the department said. ``Despite nutritional gains at home, Americans will find it difficult to improve their diets because they purchase so many meals outside the home,'' the study said. While （尽管）the nutritional content of food prepared both at home and in restaurants has improved in recent years, food eaten out contains more of the nutrients Americans typically（一般地；通常）eat
too much of, including fat and saturated fat（饱和脂肪）, and less of what is lacking from most diets, such as calcium, fiber and iron. The department recommended nutrition education programs should place more emphasis on teaching . consumers about how to order healthful meals when dining out. Improved diets have been found to prevent risk of heart disease, stroke（中风）, cancer, diabetes（糖尿病）, osteoporosis-related hip fractures（与骨质疏松症有关的髋关节骨折） and neural tube birth defects（神经管先天缺损）. Osteoporosis-related hip fractures cost up to $ billion each year in the United States in medical care expenses, missed work and premature deaths（早亡）, the department said.
参考译文：美国人外出用餐频繁而饮食健康水准美况愈下
    据美国农业部星期二称尽管在家煮烧的食物远比餐馆里所用之餐有益于健康，美国人外出用餐更频繁。餐馆里的食物占1996年美国人购餐的39%，比1970年增长了26%。该部门在报告中称：“外出所用之餐对于美国人饮食质量日益重要”。该部门还称：“虽然美国人消费的食物的营养质量总体改善了。但是，一般来说，家里所备的食物远比外出用餐的食物有益于
健康。”研究表明：“尽管在家里用餐能获取养份，美国人发觉他们难以改善自己的饮食，因为他们多次在外购餐。”近年来在家里和餐馆里所备的食物的营养结构都得到了改善，然而，外出用餐的食物包含了较多典型的美国人汲取过多的养份，包括脂肪和饱和脂肪，也包含了较少多数饮食中所缺少的，如钙，纤维和铁。该农业部提议营养教育计划应更着重于教导美国消费者外出用餐时如何预定有益于健康的一餐。人们发现改善后的饮食结构能预防心脏病，中风，癌症，糖尿病，与骨盆炎相关的髋部骨折以及试管婴儿的神经缺陷所带来的危险。该部门称，在美国与骨盆炎相关的髋部骨折每年在医疗照料费用，医疗失误和早产死亡之上的耗费高达106亿美元。
第二次作业
1、Kill one’s appetite
⏹Kill time
⏹Kill the peace
⏹Kill the mood
⏹Kill the proposal
⏹Kill the engine
⏹Kill the child with kindness
2、If the doctor had been available, the child would not have died.
3、This ticket is available in all parks.
4、I’ll have Mr. Perkin call you back as soon as he is available.
5、Then he discovered Harry Potter, and was attached to Harry Potter and Sorcerer's Stone by a very short string until she had finished it.
6、People considered that what he had played on that occasion was no more than a Judas Kiss.
7、He was smooth and agreeable.
8、I was good and tired, so I lay down in the canoe and said I wouldn’t bother no more.
9、This dark of forecast speaks of the destruction of the balance of nature-pollution, waste and hunger.
10、Time was a swiftly flowing river that had no shore, no boundaries. Its seasons were not winter, spring, fall or summer.
11、Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed healths.
12、There was no haste or restlessness in his manner but a poised friendliness.
13、Scientific exploration, the search for knowledge has given man the practical result of being able to shield himself from the calamities of nature and the calamities imposed by other man.
14、My son threw me a quizzical look, but I gave a loud laugh.
15、Engineering design is a decision-making process used for the development of engineering for which there is a human need.
16、He is a rolling stone. I don’t think he can go far.
17、The wolf and the pig mingled together in his face.
18、A growing number of parents complain that children nowadays always live ahead of their salaries.
参考答案：
第三章作业参考答案
第三次作业
1. Tom is not altogether satisfied with the result of the experiment.
2. Tom is not satisfied with result of the experiment.
3. Tom is not satisfied with the result of the experiment at all.
4. He did not speak clearly and correctly.
5. Without numbers, we couldn’t build houses or cities, or make cars or ships.
6. It is a wise father that knows his own child.
7. He has no reason to think less of himself because he is not dressed in a rich and fashionable manner.
8. Don’t be vain because you are good-looking.
9. he does not work hard because he wants to earn more.
10. she did not cry because she failed in the exam.
11. I didn’t go out for walk, because it rained.
12.  I did not go because I am afraid.
13. Don’t scamp your work, because you are pressed for time.
14. We don’t live because we want to eat.
15. The prayers and the meals, the lessons and the walks, which were arranged with a conventional regularity here, oppressed her almost beyond endurance.
参考答案：
1、汤姆对实验结果并不完全满意。
部分否定
2、汤姆对实验结果不满意。
完全否定
3、汤姆对实验结果一点都不满意。
完全否定
4、他不曾讲得既清楚有正确。
否定转移
5、没有数字，我们就无法建造房屋和城市，也无法制造汽车和轮船。
否定转移
6、父亲再聪明也不见得了解自己的孩子。
形式否定
7、他没有理由瞧不起自己，虽然他的服装不够华丽时髦。
less is more 翻译
否定转移
8、不要因为你长得漂亮就虚荣起来。或者虽然你长得漂亮也不要虚荣。
否定转移
9、他不是为了多挣钱才勤奋工作的。
10、她不是因为考试失败才哭的。
否定转移
11、因为下雨，我没有出去散步。
完全否定
12、我因为害怕所以没去。或者我不是因为害怕才去的。
否定转移
13、不要因为时间仓促就马马虎虎。
否定转移
14、我们不是为了要吃饭才活着的。
否定转移
15、在这儿，祈祷、吃饭、上课、散步都有以一定的规律，这日子几乎闷得她透不过起来。