Unit 3  Inventors and inventions
核心单词
1. distinguish
vi.&vt. 显示¡-¡-的差别；使¡-¡-有所不同；辨别（常与from, between连用）；区别；区分
I can distinguish them at a distance.
从远处我就能认出他们。
The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom.
这个人因他的才智而扬名。
常用结构：
distinguish A from B    辨别A与B
be distinguished from    不同于¡-¡-
be distinguished by      以¡-¡-为特征
be distinguished for    因¡-¡-而著称
distinguish oneself      使出众；使著名
高手过招
(1)单项填空
It is not easy to cultured pearls from genuine pearls.
（2010¡¤01¡¤河南郑州检测）
A. distinguish
B. separate
C. identify
D. recognize
(1)解析：选A。考查词语辨析。distinguish ...from 辨别，把¡-¡-和¡-¡-区别开；separate ...from把¡-¡-隔开；identify辨别；recognize认出，这两个词后面都不跟from。
(2)完成句子（原创）
①Can you distinguish      (中间) those two objects?
②Children should be taught to (分辨是非).
③Speech  human beings (不同于¡-¡-) the animals.
④The Chinese nation is      (因¡-¡-而著称) its diligence and courage.
答案：①between
②distinguish right from wrong
③distinguishes; from
④distinguished for
2. convenient
adj.便利的，方便的；就近的
常用结构：
be convenient to/for sb.      对(某人)方便
It is convenient to do sth.  做某事方便
Our house is very convenient for the shops.
我们的房子离商店很近。
联想拓展
convenience n.  方便
at your convenience          在你方便的时候
if it suits a person s convenience如果对某人方便
for the convenience of sb.    为了某人方便起见
高手过招
(1)单项填空
Our new house is very for me as I can get to the office in five minutes. （2010¡¤01¡¤河南洛阳检测）
A. Adaptable
B. comfortable
C. convenient
D. available
(2)完成句子（原创）
Come and see me (无论你何时方便).
(3)选词填空(convenient/convenience)
①We must arrange a time and place for the meeting.
②I keep my reference books near by desk for .
(1)解析：选C。由in five minutes可知，此处应表示¡°便利的，方便的¡±。A项意为¡°能适应的¡±；B项意为¡°舒适的¡±；D项意为¡°可以利用¡±，均不符合句意。
(2)whenever it s convenient to you
(3)①convenient    ②convenience
3. bear
vt. 忍受；具有，带有；显示（标记或特性）；忍耐；负担
The letter bears no signature.这封信上没有署名。
易混辨析
bear/endure/stand/tolerate
bear强调忍受者对痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力，常用于否定句中。
endure意为¡°经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服¡±，强调持久力和意志坚强，常用于否定句中。stand强调不屈不挠或经受得起，常用于否定句中。
温馨提示
tolerate意为¡°忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗¡±，语气最弱，可用于肯定句和否定句中。bear表示¡°忍受¡±时其后可跟doing sth.表示习惯性动作，也可跟to do sth.表示某一次具体动作，且多与can, could，be able to连用；作¡°生产，生育¡±讲时，有两种过去分词形式：borne指¡°生产，生育¡±，而born 指¡°出生¡±。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
I don t think our relationship could the strain of her mother visiting for a month.
A. bear
B. tell
C. put up
D. hold
(2)选词填空(bear/endure/stand/tolerate)    （原创）
①Our tent won¡¯t another storm like the last one.
②I can¡¯t to wait any longer.
③She s already had to three painful operations on her leg.
④I will not that sort of behaviour in my class.
(1)解析：选A。bear 承受，符合句意；tell区别，告诉；put up 举起，张贴；hold持有。
(2)①stand  ②bear    ③endure    ④tolerate
4. seize
vt. 抓住；捉住；占据；（指强烈的感情 愿望等）突然影响或控制（某人）；夺
She seized me by the wrist. 她抓住了我的手腕。
Panic seized us.    我们惊恐万状。
常用结构：
seize/hold of sth.      抓住某物
seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住时机
seize on/upon sth.      意识到某事物而立即加以利用
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①His father asked him (抓住时机赚一些钱).
②We (身不由己) by a sudden impulse to run.
③The critics (抓住) my mistake and said I was ignorant.
答案：①to seize the chance to make some money
②were seized    ③seized on
5. expectation
n. 预料；期待；期望
He has little expectation of passing the exam.
他对考试及格不抱希望。
I usually enjoy his films, but the last one didn¡¯ t come to my expectations.
我向来喜欢看他的电影，但最近的一部并不像我期望的那样好。
常用结构：
beyond expectation            出乎意料
in expectation of              预料，期望，指望
against all expectation(s)    与预期相反，出乎意料
come up to one s expectations 不负(某人)所望
温馨提示
expectation 为不可数名词，当其意为¡°期望的事物，前景¡±时，常用复数形式。高手过招
完成句子（原创）
我们在车站等着，期待她的到来。
We waited at the station her arrival.
答案：in expectation of
重点短语
6. go through
经历(困难、痛苦等)；通过，成功，成交；审阅，检查；翻，查看，搜寻；穿过，通过The plan didn t go through. 计划没通过。
A terrible noise went through the house.
一阵可怕的声音响彻整幢房子。
联想拓展
look through        浏览；看破；温习
read through        通读；连续
flow through        流过；流经；通过¡-¡-流动
get through        通过；接通；使¡-¡-成功
search through      搜寻，查
carry sth. through  成功地完成
put sth. through    完成或达成（计划、方案）
高手过招
单项填空
I have never this kind of thing, so I¡¯m afraid.sort out sth
（2010¡¤01¡¤浙江绍兴检测）
A. look through
B. looked through
C. got through
D. gone through
解析：选D。根据句意可知，此处应意为¡°经历，经手¡±。故选D。
7. call up
征召；召集服兵役；唤起；使人回忆；带入心中；给¡-¡-打电话
He called me up to tell me the good news.
他打电话给我并告诉我这个好消息。
I was called up three months after war broke out.
战争爆发后的第三个月，我被应征入伍。
联想拓展
call back    召回；回电话；收回处理
call on/at    拜访(on后跟人；at后跟地点名词)