常见词根词缀总结
前缀(Prefix)
一.反义词前缀
1)un-: uncover, unlock, unhappy, uncomfortable, unrealized, unavailable, unpredictable, uneven:揭开,开锁,不开心,不舒适,未意识到的,不近便的,无法预测的,不平坦的
2)in-: inadequate, inaccessible, invaluable, inequality不充足的,无法达到的,价值连城的,不平等的
3)im-:immodest, impossible, impolite, impractical不谦虚的,不可能的,不礼貌的,不实际的
4)il,ir-: illegal, irregular, irreversible
不合法的,不规则的,不可逆转的
5)de-: decrease, decode, deforestation, degrade减少,解码,砍树,降级
6)dis-:disagree, disease, discharge, disintegrated, disharmony不同意,疾病,释放,分离的,不和谐
7)non-: non-existent, non-government, non-mainstream不存在的,无政府, 非主流的
8)anti-: anti-Japanese, Antarctic, anticlockwise抗日,南极,逆时针地
9)contra-, contro-,counter-: contradictory, counteract, countermeasure, contrast有矛盾的,抵消,应对措施,对比
二.数字前缀
1)uni-(one): unit, unique, uniform单位,独特的,制服
2)mono-(one): monologue, monopoly, monoculture独白,垄断,单一文化
3)multi-(many, much):multicultural, multicolor, multimedia, multipurpose, multi-skilled, multinational多文化的,多种彩,多媒体,多意图的,多技能的,跨国的
4)poly-(many, several): polysemy, polycentric一词多义,多中心的
5)bi-(two): bilingual ,bicycle双语的,自行车
6)tri-(three): triangle三角形
7)kilo(thousand):  kilometer, kilogram, kilowatt千米,千克,千瓦
8)milli-(thousandth):  milligram, millimeter毫克,毫米
9)centi-(hundred,  hundredth):  centimeter, centigrade厘米,摄氏温度
三.其他含有特定含义的前缀
1)re-(again, back再次;回来;反): recall, recreation, reemergence, replace, reproduce,return, resist回忆,再造,重现,代替,繁殖,回来,抵抗
2)mis-(wrong, bad, badly错误地): misunderstand, misuse, mislead, misinterpret, misconception误解,误用,误导,误译,误解
3)co-,com-,con-(together一起):  co-exist, cooperate共存,合作,配合,
4)inter-(between之间;互相): international, interact, interview, interdependent, interrelationship国际的,互动,面试,相互依赖的,相互关系
5)pre-(before在 之前): preview, prehistoric, predict预习,史前的,预测,
6)post-(after在之后): postgraduate, postwar, postpone研究生,战后,推迟
7)over-(excessive, above超过): overhear, overheat, oversupply无意中听到,过热,供过于求
8)auto-(self自己): autobiography, automatic自传,自动的
9)super-(over, above超过): superior, supernatural, supervision, supersonic有优势的,超自然的,监督,超音速的
10)sub-(under在下面): submarine, subway潜水艇,地铁
11)tele-(far off ,distant远距离地):television, telecommunication电视,远程通信(电信)
12)trans-(across到另一边): transform, transport, transfer变形,交通,转移
13)micro-(small微小的): microwave, microscope微波,显微镜
14)min-(little, small小的): minimize, minimum使最小化,最小量
15)semi-, hemi-(half, partial一半): semiconductor, semifinal, hemisphere半导体,半决赛,半球
后缀(suffix)
一.名词后缀
1.degrade表示“某种人或物”
1)-er.-or,-ar: owner, leader, actor, conductor, beggar, scholar, pain-killer, refrigerator, air-conditioner, generator, manufacturer, reactor主人,领导,演员,导体,乞丐,学者,止痛药,冰箱,空调,发电机,制造商,反应堆
2)-ee: employee, nominee雇员,被提名者
3)-ess: hostess, actress女主人,女演员
4)-ist,-ian: scientist, pianist, communist, musician, magician科学家,钢琴家,共产党员,音乐家,魔术师
5)-ese, -an, -ean, -ish: Portuguese, American, European, British葡萄牙人(语),美国的,欧洲的,英国的
6)-ant,-ate,-ent: assistant, immigrant, advocate, student助手,移民,支持者,学生
7) air,-eer,-ier: millionaire, engineer, volunteer, premier百万富翁,工程师,志愿者,首相
2.表示抽象意义的名词
1)-ion(-tion,-sion): protection, civilization, discussion, decision保护,文明,讨论,决定
2)-ing: building, painting建筑,绘画
3)-ance: acceptance, assistance接受,协助
4)-ment: judgment, movement判断,移动
5)-al: refusal, arrival拒绝,到达 (-al也能做形容词后缀:judgmental主观判断的)
6)-age: marriage, usage婚姻,用法   
7)-ure: failure, pleasure失败,快乐
8)-ty,-y: loyalty, cruelty, honesty忠诚,残忍,诚实
9)-ity:activity, reality, humidity活动,现实,湿度
10)-ence: confidence, difference, innocence自信,差异,天真
11)-th: truth, width, health真想,宽度,健康
12)-dom: freedom自由
13)-ness: kindness友好
14)-ship: friendship友谊
15)-hood: childhood童年
16)-ism: communism共产主义
17)-ic(s):logics, physics, mathematics逻辑学,物理学,数学
3.表示“集合”
1)-ary: dictionary, vocabulary字典,词汇
2)-ry: machinery, scenery机械,景
4.表示“地点”
1)-age: village村庄   
2)-ery: bakery面包房
3)-ory: dormitory, laboratory,lavatory寝室,实验室, 盥洗室
4)-um: aquarium, museum, gymnasium水族馆,博物馆,体育馆
二.形容词后缀
1)-able,-ble: changeable, reasonable, horrible, incredible善变的,理性的,恐怖的,难以置信的
2)-al, ial: critical, exceptional, racial industrial关键的,卓越的,种族的,工业的
3)-an, ian: European, American, republican, suburban, Egyptian欧洲的,美国的,共和的,郊区的,埃及的
4)-ant.-ent: ignorant, obedient不理睬的,顺从的
5)-ary: elementary, imaginary初级的,虚构的
6)-ate,-ete,-ute: accurate, considerate, complete, absolute准确的,考虑周到的,完整的,绝对的
7)-ed: aged, gifted, warm-hearted老化了的,有天赋的,热心肠的
8)-en: golden, woolen金子般的,羊毛的 (-en也可以做动词后缀:shorten, weaken)
9)-ern: eastern, modern, southern东方的,现代的,南方的
10)-ful: plentiful, thoughtful, willful, purposeful大量的,深思的,有意志的,故意的