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2.References
2.1Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified
herein.  Unless otherwise indicated, the latest version of SAE publications shall apply.
2.1.1SAE P UBLICATIONS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
SAE J286—SAE No. 2 Clutch Friction Test Machine Guidelines
SAE J1646—Glossary of Terms—Lubricated Friction Systems
SAE J2487—SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine 3600 r/min Stepped Power Test
SAE J2488—SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine 6000 r/min Stepped Power Test
SAE J2489—SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine Durability Test
2.2Related Publications—The following publications are for information purposes only and are not a required
part of this specification.
2.2.1SAE P UBLICATIONS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
SAE J1499—SAE Band Friction Test Machine (SAE) Test Machine Guidelines
SAE Paper 670051—New Fixture for Testing Friction Materials for Automatic Transmission Clutch
2.2.2F ORD M OTOR C OMPANY P UBLICATION—Available from Ford Motor Company, FSATF Committee, 35500
Plymouth Road, Box 215, Livonia Ml 48150.
Ford MERCON® V Specification
2.2.3G ENERAL M OTOR P UBLICATION—Available from GM Research & Development Center, General Motors
Corporation, Technology Licensing, 30500 Mound Road, M/C 480-106-160, Warren, Ml 48090-9055.
GM DEXRON®-lll Specification, GM6417M
2.2.4D AIMLER C HRYSLER P UBLICATION—Available from Daimler Chrysler Corporation, Engineering Standards
Group, 800 Chrysler Drive East, Auburn Hills, Ml 48326-2757.
Daimler Chrysler Specification MS9602
3.Test Equipment
3.1SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine with breakaway accessory.
3.2Flywheel to deliver desired kinetic energy.  The flywheel is required to provide the specified total sy
stem inertia
of 0.701 kg-m2 as shown in Tables 1A and 1B.
3.3Data Acquisition—At not less than 1000 samples per second and storage system with at least four channels
with response as follows:
a.Torque Channel, Bandwidth, 500 Hz.
b.Apply Pressure Channel, Bandwidth, 500 Hz.
c.Speed Channel, Bandwidth, 500 Hz.
d.Test Fluid Temperature Channel, Bandwidth, 3 Hz.
(All channels are to be calibrated to maintain ±2% accuracy throughout the range of 10% of full scale
to full scale.)
3.4Instrumentation
a.Torque Transducer—Full bridge, strain gage type, combined nonlinearity and hysteresis effects not to
exceed 0.5% of full scale, such as Lebow Load Cell, Model 3397.
b.Apply Pressure Transducer—Full bridge, strain gage type, combined nonlinearity and hysteresis
effects not to exceed 0.5% of full scale, such as Sensotech, Model TJU708-12.
c.Speed Transducer—Optical Encoder, such as BEI Model 924-01002-4839.  For drive motor.
d.Thermocouple(s)—Type J with high-impedance amplifier and cold junction compensator.
3.5
Test Fluid System (Figure 1C in SAE J286)—Heated sump including immersion or jacket heater with sufficient watt density for test fluid temperature control and the associated hardware for external fluid flow control.  Care should be taken that the fluid is not altered or modified by contact with the immersion heater by ensuring that the heater does not exceed a power density of 2 W/cm 2.
TABLE 1A—REQUIRED PARAMETERS
µPVT TEST
Test Level Cycles Inertia
(kg-m 2)Speed (r/min)Kinetic Energy Apply Pressure (kPa)Oil Inlet Temperature (deg C)
BI 1500.701350047.0916550BI 2500.701350047.0923550Break-In BI 3500.701350047.0930550Levels 1 - 4
reaction in the shaftBI 4500.701350047.0937050A 250.701750  2.168350B 250.70115008.658350C 250.701750  2.1616650Low Pressure D 250.70115008.6516650and Speed E 250.701750  2.1683110Levels A - H F 250.70115008.6583110G 250.701750  2.16166110H 250.70115008.65166110I 250.701270028.02248110J 250.701350047.09248110K 250.701270028.02373110High Pressure L 250.701350047.09373110and Speed M 250.701270028.0224850Levels I - P N 250.701350047.0924850O 250.701270028.0237350P
25
0.701
3500
47.09
373
50
TABLE 1B—FLYWHEELS REQUIRED FOR THE TEST:
Code Quantity
Inertia (kg-m 2)
A
1
As required to achieve an effective inertia of 0.701 kg-m 2
3.6Lubrication System Flow Configuration
3.6.1E XTERNAL F LOW—(See Figure 1C in SAE J1646)—This represents the configuration wherein an external
pump supplies fluid at a specific flow rate through a line to the centerline of the shaft.  A flow meter must be installed in the line to the cover to measure the flow supplied to the head and the drain to the sump is from the 5, 6, and 7 o’clock positions.
3.7Adapters and Reaction Plates—The required friction, reaction plates, hub, retainer and pressure plates and
spacers are all described in Appendix A.
3.8Apply Piston Seal
a.VITON®
b.Teflon®--Recommended for use in high temperature fluid tests.
4.Typical Operating Conditions and Test Parameters
4.1Piston Area—15 110 mm2.
4.2Piston Available Travel—4.57 mm.
4.3Piston Apply Pressure—As required in Tables 1A and 1B for each test level.  Allowable variation in apply
pressure is ±0.5%.  See Reference SAE J1646 for definitions.
a.Start Threshold - Torque
b.Stop Threshold - Torque
4.4Piston Apply Pressure Rise—The apply pressure must be stable at the required level within 100 ms for
stability (for the highest pressure level).  The maximum overshoot must not exceed 2% of the required pressure level.
4.5Piston Release Pressure—30 to 100 kPa and must be 0 kPa during the apply period.
4.6Effective Inertia—The µPVT test inertia remains constant for the entire test.  A flywheel specific to an
individual dynamometer is required to attain the inertia of 0.701 kg-m2.  See Tables 1A and 1B.
4.7Engagement Speed Range
Break-in—4 pressure leves at 3500 r/min.
Low Speed Sequence—4 levels at 750 r/min and 4 levels at 1500 r/min.
High Speed Sequence—4 Levels at 2700 r/min and 4 levels at 3500 r/min.
All dynamic speeds are ±20 r/min.
4.8Kinetic Energy—As shown in Tables 1A and 1B.  These kinetic energy values must be as required for the
specific level.  The allowable variation in kinetic energy is ±5%.
4.9Breakaway Speed—4.37 r/min.
4.10Test Fluid
a.Quantity—18 L, minimum, and must be replaced with new fluid at the beginning of the procedure.
b.Temperature—50 °C ± 5 °C for break-in levels 1-4, levels A-D and M-P; 110 °C ± 5 °C for levels E-L
measured in the inlet line as shown in Appendix A.
c.Test Fluid Flow—The test fluid flow rate is 1.0 L/min. ± 0.05 L/min.
d.Fluid Flow Configuration—The flow configuration is External Flow as described in SAE J1646 and 3.8.
4.11Pack Clearance—1.143 mm ± 0.127 mm
4.12Test Periods—Refer to SAE J1646 for the definitions of the test periods.  The total period for one dynamic
engagement cycle is 30 s ± 1 s.
a.T1, Stabilization Period— 24 s ± 0.5 s
b.T2, Coast Period—0
c.T3, Apply Period—2 s ± 0.1 s
d.T4, Dwell Period—4 s ± 0.5 s
e.T5, Soak Period—2.5 s ± 2.5 s
f.T6, Breakaway Period—2 s ± 0.5 s
g.T7, Cooling Period—0
5.General Test Information
5.1Clean—Prior to each test, the fixture and sump must be cleaned thoroughly and fixture and sump washed with
solvent.  The sump is then filled with the new test fluid.
5.2Inspect—Inspect rotating shaft seal for deterioration and replace, if necessary.  If this seal is replaced, also
replace the non-rotating lip seals.
5.3Soak—Soak friction elements in the test fluid for at least 10 minutes at room temperature.
5.4Install Clutch Pack—Install a reaction plate to contact the pressure plate.  Follow with a friction ass
embly,
reaction plate, and so on until all the required components have been installed.  The last plate to be installed must be a reaction plate.  Spacer thickness must be selected to ensure that the pack clearance is as defined in
4.11.  The pack configuration is PRFRFRFRFRSC, where P is the piston, R is a reaction plate, F a friction
plate, S the spacer plate (as required) and C the cover.  Reaction plates may be used as the spacer.  To verify axial alignment of hub oil holes and friction plates, refer to Appendix A.
5.5Install Housing Cover—Start the circulation pump and the temperature controller to heat the fluid and internal
elements to the required control temperature, as given in 4.10.
5.6Install Flywheels—Install the flywheel required to achieve the correct effective inertia.
5.7Check Fluid Flow and Temperature—Check, with the motor off, that the fluid control temperature and the
flow rate are as given in 4.10.
5.8Start Test—Initiate the testing for the first break-in level, as defined in Tables 1A and 1B.
a.Set the apply pressure per Tables 1A and 1B.  The stop time is allowed to float for each test level.
b.Initiate the testing for the required level as defined in Tables 1A and 1B.