IPA &KK 对照表
IPA：国际音标48 个元音：20个，辅音：28个
区别:1书写形式的不同.如:i: (IPA)------i (K.K.) 等.2.发音的个别不同.美式中加入卷舌音，而英式中没有卷舌音.如
33xxkkp p 气流冲破紧闭的双唇且无声p, pen, bag（n,s,t之前不发音）
气破双唇音（爆破音）b    b 气流冲破紧闭的双唇声带震动b,bite.(在t或m前不发音)
t t 舌尖抵上齿龈弹开舌头且无声t, tw,tear, fit, two
舌尖齿龈气音（爆破音）d    d 同上，但声带必须震动d,dark, afford
k k 舌后部抵住软腭突然离开无声k,c,ch,ck,lk cock king, cake, school, box,
气破舌根软鄂音（爆破音）g g 同上，但声带必须震动g,gh(词首发本音此中不发音) girl, ghost
f    f 上齿触下唇，气流从此出无声f,ff,gh,ph,lf face,off,laugh, phone,shelf
唇齿相依摩擦音（摩擦音）v v 同上，但声带必须震动v view, cave
s s 唇微微张开舌近上齿才出气s, c, ce, ss sick, ceilling, cell, kiss
气通舌尖齿龈音（摩擦音）z z 同上，但声带必须震动z, se, ze zoo, shoes, choose, size
θθ上下齿轻轻咬舌尖且吐气无声th, thank, mouth
唯一咬舌音（摩擦音）ð ð 同上，但声带必须震动th, this, the, there
ʃʃ唇收圆稍突舌稍卷近舌无声sh, ti, ci, s，si,ssi,sci ship, motion, social, sure
舌端齿龈气擦音（摩擦音）ӡӡ同上，但声带必须震动S,si,g pleasure, usual,vision,rouge
h h 嘴自然张开，呵气，无声h, wh, hi, who（h在r或k之后不发音）大口喘气音（摩擦音）r r 舌尖上卷，唇突，声带振动r,right, red 四指卷舌音（摩擦音）元音后读儿
ʧʧ双唇微张突出舌抵上龈且吐
气无声ch,t tch, church,nature, match
气通舌尖齿龈音（破擦音）
ʤʤ同上，但声带必须震动ge,dge d j age,judge,education vegetable, join,
joy
tr tr 唇收圆前突，舌尖抵上龈赌
气，使气从间出无声
tr, tree, country
dr dr 同上，但声带振动dr, dress, dry, hundred
ts ts 舌尖抵上龈赌气，使气从间出ts,boots, nuts
dz dz 同上，但声带必须震动ds, woods,
m m 元音前发“门儿”M man, name (nm组合出现时，n不发音) 双唇闭嘴音（鼻音）元音后发“嗯”，鼻音口紧闭
n n 元音前发“了”n, kn,nn nice, knife, nine,runner 舌尖齿龈开口鼻音（鼻音）元音后发“嗯”，鼻音口半开n can
ŋŋ唇张开，舌抵下齿龈，舌后部
抵软腭，鼻音，声带振动-ng, n sing, English（ng发/ŋ g/）
舌后软鄂撒娇鼻音（鼻音）
l ℓ元音前发“了”l,light, lose （l在alk,alm,alf，ould中不发音）舌尖齿龈清晰旁流音（舌边
音）
l 元音前发“儿”l,fall, call 舌尖齿龈含糊旁流音（舌边
音）
w w 唇缩小前突舌后起，嘴向两边
滑开，声带振动w, wh wet, window, when, what （w和r组合
出现在词首时，w不发音）圆唇突出短我音（半元音）
j j 做呈微笑状，舌尖抵下齿，舌
面贴上腭，声带振动Y,i year, yell,onion
双唇扁平短爷音（半元音）
26个英文字母常用读音
Aa
/
eɪ/
Name [neɪm]  cake [keɪk] table ['teɪb(ə)l]
/æ/
apple ['æp(ə)l] cat [kæt] map [mæp]
/ɑ:/
ask [ɑːsk]dance [dɑːns]
/ɒ/
What [wɒt] watch [wɒtʃ]
Bb
/b/
Book [bʊk] big [bɪg] bag [bæg] box [bɒks]
Cc
/k/
Cat [kæt] cake [keɪk] cup[kʌp] clock [klɒk] car [kɑː] /s/
Face [feɪs] nice [naɪs] pencil ['pens(ə)l; -sɪl]
Dd
/d/
Desk [desk] doll [dɒl] dog [dɒg]  dad [dæd]
Ee
/i:/
She [ʃiː]meet [miːt]me[miːt]
/e/
Elephant ['elɪf(ə)nt] egg [eg] bed [bed]  pen[pen]
Ff
/f/
Fine [faɪn] friend [frend]  fly [flaɪ] fan [fæn]
Gg
/g/
Gun [gʌn]  glass[glɑːs]glad[glæd] glove[glʌv]
/ʤ/
Age [eɪdʒ] orange ['ɒrɪn(d)ʒ]
Hh
/h/
Hat [hæt]  he [hiː]house [haʊs]  hand [hænd]
I i
/aɪ/
Fine [faɪn] bike [baɪk] five [faɪv] ice [aɪs]
/ɪ/
is [ɪz] sit [sɪt] miss [mɪs] pig [pɪg] picture ['pɪktʃə]
Jj
/ʤ/
Jeep [dʒiːp]jam [dʒæm] jacket ['dʒækɪt] jar [dʒɑː]
Kk
/k/
Kite [kaɪt]  cake [keɪk] black [blæk] thank [θæŋk]
Ll
/l/
Leg [leg] left [left] flag [flæg] apple ['æp(ə)l] old [əʊld] Mm
/m/
map [mæp] my [maɪ] mouth [maʊθ]milk [mɪlk]
Nn
/n/
Know [nəʊ] new [njuː]hand [hænd]
Oo
/əʊ/
old [əʊld] home [həʊm] nose [nəʊz] coke [kəʊk]
/ɒ/
dog [dɒg]  not [nɒt] clock [klɒk] box [bɒks]
/ʌ/
son [sʌn] month [mʌnθ]mother ['mʌðə] love [lʌv]
Pp
/p/
map [mæp] jeep [dʒiːp]pig [pɪg] pen [pen]  apple ['æp(ə)l] Qq
/kw/
quite [kwaɪt] quick [kwɪk]
/r/
red [red] radio ['reɪdɪəʊ] brother ['brʌðə] racket ['rækɪt]
Ss
/s/
sit [sɪt] miss [mɪs] this [ðɪs] smile [smaɪl]  books [bʊks]
/z/
nose [nəʊz] those [ðəʊz] rose [rəʊz] rulers ['ruːləz]
Tt
/t/
it [ɪt] sit [sɪt] not [nɒt] that [ðæt; ðət] table ['teɪb(ə)l] little ['lɪt(ə)l]
Uu
/ju:/
use [juːz]usually ['juʒuəli] excuse [ɪk'skjuːz; ek-]
/ʌ/
bus [bʌs] us[ʌs]  sun [sʌn] duck [dʌk]
/ʊ/
put [pʊt] push [pʊʃ]
Vv
/v/
five [faɪv] vase [veis] very ['verɪ] seven ['sev(ə)n]
Ww
/w/
we [wiː]window ['wɪndəʊ] watch [wɒtʃ] want [wɒnt]
Xx
/ks/
box [bɒks] six[sɪks] fox [fɒks]
Yy
/aɪ/
my [maɪ] fly [flaɪ] why [waɪ]  bye [baɪ]
/j/
yes [jes] yellow ['jeləʊ]
/ɪ/
Happy ['hæpɪ] baby ['beɪbɪ] very ['verɪ]
Zz
/
z/
zoo [zuː]zero ['zɪərəʊ]