第18章教材的评价与使用
Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.
1. The textbook JEFC published by Longman and PEP advocates a teaching model that includes five steps: revision, _____, drill, practice and _____.
【答案】presentation, consolidation
【解析】由朗文和人民教育出版社联合出版的初中英语教材提倡的教学模式包括五个步骤：复习、呈现、操练、练习、巩固。
2. In all modem school systems the textbook has long served not only to support instruction but to symbolise that instruction, in other words, the textbook defines the _____.
【答案】curriculum
【解析】在所有现代学校体系中，教材不仅指导教学，还使教学具体化，也就是说，教材决定课程设置。
3. Grant’s three-part questionnaire helps teachers examine to what extent a textbook suits the students, the teacher and the _____ and _____.
【答案】syllabus, examination
【解析】格兰特的三部分问卷可以帮助老师观察一本教材在多大程度上适合学生、教师、教学大纲和考试。
4. In many situations, teachers are _____ of other people’s ideas because they neither have the time nor resources to produce their own materials and most often they are given a _____ to teach from.
【答案】users, textbook
【解析】在许多情况下，教师是他人观点的使用者，因为教师既无时间也无资源制作自己的教学材料，而且他们通常有教材，可以按教材来教。
5. According to Hedge, only through the process of _____ textbooks, can teachers _____ the strength of materials and supplement them according to the needs of their own _____.
【答案】evaluating, maximise, students
【解析】根据赫奇的观点，只有通过教材评价的过程，教师才能尽量发挥教学材料的优势，并根据自己的学生的需要对教材进行补充。
6. Usually, in-the-use evaluation will take the form of interviews and _____.
【答案】questionnaires
【解析】使用中的评价通常会采用采访和问卷的形式。
7. According to McDonough and Shaw, external evaluation involves, first of all, looking at the claims made by the _____.
【答案】authors
【解析】麦克多诺和萧指出，外部评价首先是要阅读作者的引言。
8. Generally speaking, textbooks written in _____ language are more motivating and challenging.
【答案】authentic
【解析】一般来说，用真实语言编写的教材更能激发学生的积极性，也就更具有挑战性。
9. Modifying again involves two kinds. One is called rewriting, the other is called _____.
【答案】restructuring
【解析】修改教材的方式有两种，一种是重写（rewriting），另一种是重构（restructuring）。
Ⅱ. Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following statements about textbook is true?
A. T extbooks are defective.
B. Textbooks are not only a medium through which teachers help their students learn.
C. Textbooks are subject to adaptation when they are used in the classroom.
D. The most popular textbooks can satisfy the needs of all the learners.
【答案】C
【解析】教材需要改编，但这并不意味着教材是有缺陷的（defective）。教材只是教师帮助学生学习的工具，教师可以对其进行改编。尽管编者会尽量使教材适合使用者，但教材用于
课堂教学时需要改编。即使是最受欢迎的教材也无法满足所有学习者的需要。因此，本题正确答案为C。
2. Which of the following factors is NOT considered in the external evaluation?
A. The intended audience.
B. The proficient level.
editor evaluating revisionC. The table of contents.
D. The range of vocabulary exercises.
【答案】D
【解析】外部评价阶段需要考虑的因素有：目标使用者、语言水平、适用的情境、目录等。因此，本题正确答案为D。
3. Which of the following questions is asked in internal evaluation?
A. Is a vocabulary list included?
B. Does the language input selected reflect the interest or age level of the intended learners?
C. Is a teacher’s book available?
D. Is the material too culturally biased or specific?
【答案】B
【解析】内部评价阶段需要考虑的问题有：教材是否包含四项基本技能，材料的顺序安排是否适当，选用的语言输入是否考虑到学习者的兴趣或年龄特征等。因此，本题正确答案为B。
Ⅲ. True or False
1. Adapting materials should be a formal process in which the teacher makes a formal decision about the changes and writes out a revision plan for the class. Adapted materials need to be written down or made permanent.
【答案】F
【解析】改编教材不一定是一个正式的过程，教师不必正式决定改变哪些部分或为班级撰写一个改编计划。改编的材料也不必写下来或永久保存。
2. A flexible teacher should be able to adapt the content of a coursebook to suit his or her students’ best needs.
【答案】T
【解析】灵活的教师应该能够改编教材的内容以便更好地满足学生的需求。
3. Normally, the teacher simply needs to teach the textbook without worrying about the syllabus or the needs of the students.
【答案】T
【解析】一般来说，教师只需要按教材进行教学，无需担忧教学大纲或学生的需要。
4. There is only one type of evaluation.
【答案】F
【解析】教材评价（evaluation）有两种类型，一种是页面评价（on-the-page evaluation），另一种是使用中的评价（in-the-use evaluation）。
5. For in-the-use evaluation, evaluation is done based on the users’ , teachers’ as well as learners’, about how useful and effective it is for promoting learning.
【答案】T
【解析】使用中的评价基于使用者（教师和学习者）的观点，即教材在多大程度上能够促进并有效促进学习。
6. The ideal systematic evaluation of a textbook would be a longitudinal one, which includes a pre-use
evaluation, a whilst-use evaluation and a post-use evaluation. 【答案】T
【解析】理想的系统性的教材评价是纵向发展的，包括使用前的评价、使用中的评价、使用后的评价。
7. Good textbooks should attract the students’ curiosity, interest and attention.【答案】T
【解析】优秀的教材应该吸引学生的好奇心、兴趣和注意力。
8. The evaluation and the selection of a textbook are more or less the same thing. 【答案】F
【解析】教材的评价（evaluation）和选择（selection）不是一回事。
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