句子翻译参考
句子的翻译
增译法
1、增加动词
1) Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.√
读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记（写作）使人准确。
2) We don’t regret, we never have and never will.
我们不会后悔，我们从来没有后悔过，我们将来也不会后悔。
3) After the basketball, he still has an important conference.
看完篮球比赛之后，他还有一个重要会议要参加。
2. 增加形容词或副词
1) With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism!
中国人民正以多么高的热情建设社会主义啊！
2) The crowds melted away.
人渐渐散开了。
3) As he sat down and began talking, words poured out.
他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。
4) She lingered long over his letter.
她反反复复地回味着他的来信。
5) In the films of those days, all too often it was the same one: boy tractor driver meets girl tractor driver; they fall in love and drive tractor together.
在那时候的电影里，总是老一套：男拖拉机手和女拖拉机手始而相遇，继而相爱，终而并肩
开拖拉机了。
3. 增加名词
1) First you borrow, then you beg.
头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。
2) Mary washed for a living after her husband died of cancer.
玛丽的丈夫癌症去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。
3) He ate and drank, for he was exhausted.
他吃了点东西，喝了点酒，因为他疲惫不堪了。
4) That black jacket is indeed cheap and fine.
那件黑夹克真是价廉物美。
5) He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair.
他满脸皱纹，皮肤黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。
6) A new kind of car—small, cheap—is attracting increasing attention.
一种新型轿车正越来越引起人们的注意——这种轿车体积小，价钱便宜。
7) His arrogance made everyone dislike him.
他的傲慢态度使谁也不喜欢他。
8) After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco.
一切准备工作就绪以后，飞机就飞越美国去了旧金山。
4. 增加代词
1) 小不忍则乱大谋。editorially
If one is not patient in small thing, one will never be able to control great ventures.
2) 交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方，这样你才能把工作做好。（钟述孔《英汉翻译手册》）Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only thus can you do your work well. (Zhong Shukong, A Handbook of Translation)
3) 没有调查就没有发言权。
He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.
4) 别把手搁在口袋里。
Don’t put your hands in your pockets.
5) 一天天冷起来了。
It is getting colder day by day.
6) 尝试而失败还是比不尝试好。
It is better to try and fail than never try at all.
7) 你三星期完成这项设计不容易。
It was not easy for you to finish this design in three weeks.
8) 把钟拆开比把它装起来容易。
It is easier to take a clock apart than to put it together again.
5、增加语气词或量词
1) Don’t get angry. I’m just making fun of you.
不要生气嘛！我不过开开玩笑罢了。
2) As for me, I didn’t agree from the very beginning.
我呢，从一开始就不赞成。
3) They (the eyes) were the same colour as the sea, cheerful and undefeated.
那双眼睛啊，像海水一样的蓝，令人愉快，毫不沮丧
4) A red sun is rising slowly on the horizon.
一轮红日正从地平线上冉冉升起。
5)A stream was winding its way through the valley in into the Dadu River.（增译法）√
一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇合到大渡河去了。
增译法练习
1．White clouds float over the blue sky.
2. Can you manage without help?
3. I dare say that the Chinese way of reforms is more characteristic and effective than others.
4. He felt the patriot rise within his breast.
参考答案：
1. 蓝蓝的天上漂浮着朵朵白云。
2. 如果没有人帮忙，你能应付的了吗？
3. 我认为，中国的改革方式比别国的改革方式更富有特、更卓有成效。
4．他感到一种爱国热情从心中涌起。
省译法
1).He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable.
他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
2). We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。
3). If you give him an inch, he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。
4) I wash my face in the morning. 我早上洗脸。
*5) He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing.
他耸耸肩，摇摇头，两眼看天，一句话不说。
省译法练习
1. We can not see sound waves as they travel through air.
2. The dog is stretching itself.
3. It was a cold, dark day, the sky overcast.
4. I can do it, and so can you.
5. Smoking is not allowed in the store-house.
6. There is a will, there is a way.
参考答案：
1．声波通过空气传播，是看不见的。（省人称代词）
2．这条狗在伸懒腰。(省反身代词）
3．寒冷阴沉的一天，乌云密布。（省略非人称代词it)
4．我能做，你也能做。（省略并列连词）
5．仓库重地，严禁吸烟。（省略介词）
6．有志者事竟成。（省从属连词）
词类转换法
1. 转译成动词
A. 由动词的派生词名词（或含有动作意义的名词）转译为动词
His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph.
无论什么事情，只要他一露面，就算是成功了。
B. 英语中加后缀-er, -or 的名词，在句中并不表身份和职业，而是含有较强的动作意义。He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.
他倒是不抽烟，但他的爸爸却一支接一支地抽（是个老烟）。
C. 前置词转换为动词（介词，动词意义的介词或介词词组）
Jones opened the windows to let fresh air in.
琼斯把窗子打开,让新鲜空气进来。
D.英语中一些表示情感、心态的形容词用作表语时
可转换成动词
She was gazing across the sea, apparently ignorant of him.
她在眺望大海，显然没有看见他。
E.副词转换成动词
What film will be on this evening?
今晚放映什么电影。
2. 转译成名词
A. Verbs-Nouns
1. She behaves as if she were a child.
她的举止跟一个孩子一样。
2.It is chiefly characterized by its simplicity of structure.
它的主要特点是结构简单。
B. Adjectives-Nouns
1.They did their best to help the sick and the wounded.