2022年考研考博-考博英语-东北师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
The speaker was regarded as a trouble maker because she （  ）the granting of equality to all regardless of race, color or sex.
问题1选项
A.verified
B.developed
C.adopted
D.advocated
【答案】D
【解析】句意: 这个发言人被当作是一个制造麻烦的人，因为她鼓吹人人平等的理念一无论种族、肤或者性别。
动词辨析。Verified 核实，证实; developed发展; adopted采用; advocated鼓吹某种道德、理念或者思想。根据题目空白处后面所接的宾语“人人平等的理念”可以推断出答案为D。
2.
单选题
Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, （  ）she was twenty-five.
问题1选项
A.her first real success did not come until
B.her real first success came until not
C.since her first real success did not come until
D.not until her first real success
【答案】A
【解析】句意: 虽然她很小的时候就写了很多短篇小说和诗歌，但直到25岁她才第一次获得真正的成功。
固定搭配。表示“直到…才”, 故选A。
3.
单选题
 The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seemingly （  ）source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.profit的形容词
问题1选项
A.inexhaustible
B.exploited
C.remarkable
D.controversial
【答案】A
【解析】句意: 该地区多种多样的热带植物说明这里有取之不尽的原材料，而只有少量被利用。
形容词辨析。Inexhaustible无穷无尽的; exploited被开发的; remarkable异常的，非凡的; controversial有 争议的。故A符合句意。
4.
单选题
To say that a soldier fought in battle like lion may be a descriptive（  ） , but it does not mean that he was on all fours roaring and wagging his tail.
问题1选项
A.analogue
B.analogy
C.analytic
D.node
【答案】B
【解析】句意: 将一个在战争中的战士说成狮子一样可能是一个不错的比喻，但是这并不意味着他四肢着地摇着尾巴大声咆哮着。
形近词辨析。Analogue类似物，相似物; analogy比喻，相似; analytic分解的; anode 阳极。题目中的 To say that a soldier fought in battle like lion 这个部分是将战士比喻成狮子。故选B。
5.
单选题
Politically these nations tend to be （  ），with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy.
问题1选项
A.unstable
B.reluctant
C.rational
D.unsteady
【答案】A
【解析】句意: 这些国家出生率很高而教育和文化水平低下，所以政治上不稳定。
形容词辨析。Unstable不稳定的,不牢固的; reluctant不情愿的，勉强的; rational合理的，理性的; unsteady不的，反复无常的。因此A符合句意。
6.
单选题
（  ） quantities of water are being used nowadays with the rapid development of industry and agriculture.
问题1选项
A.Excessive
B.Extensive
C.Extreme
D.Exclusive
【答案】B
【解析】句意: 如今，随着工农业快速发展水的消耗很大。
形容词辨析。Excessive过多的，过分的; Extensive广泛的，大量的; Extreme极端的; exclusive独有的，排外的。因此B符合句意。
7.
单选题
Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market. But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not
profit”.
Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.
As the hacking trial concludes ― finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge — the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This saga still unfolds.
In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread
phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defense was that she knew nothing.
In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.
The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about ho
w her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions — nor received traceable, recorded answers.