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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·沈阳高三质监)China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping，known as “the father of hybrid rice”， to look for new ways of growing the grain.
Now they’re celebrating successful efforts to grow rice—in sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of D
ubai. They experimented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.
China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2.35 billion acres of highly saline(含盐的) land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate change.
“Probably only a small part of the world’s saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice，but that would still have a very important effect on food security，” Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.
xposedYuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.
Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.
A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many
countries. “This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and water­poor countries, particularly in North Africa region.”
Even though the cost of growing salt­tolerant rice is still high，it will also have strategic value once it’s commercialized.
【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。
1．What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice?
A．The increase of rice consumers.
B．The high cost of rice producing.
C．The land shortage of rice growing.
D．The severe pollution of fresh water.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But, as a result of look for new ways of growing the grain.”可知，适合种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻种植水稻的新方法。
2．Yuan’s team have successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in ________．
A．China      B．Dubai
C．Latin America      D．North Africa
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Starting have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai.”和第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai”可知，Yuan的团队在迪拜成功地在沙子和海水中种植了水稻。
3．What can be inferred from the text?
A．About 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.
B．The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.
C．The increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.
D．Seawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations”可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料，故选B。
4．What is the author’s attitude to the rice­growing experiment?
A．Doubtful.      B．Positive.
C．Critical.      D．Disappointed.
B　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“Even though the cost of growing salt­tolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it’s commercialized.”可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度。
B
(2020·重庆一中高三月考)A large­scale study has found a link between eating a diet based on organic food and having a reduced risk of cancer. If the new results are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against diseases, a team of researchers from several French institutions said.
Among the environmental risks for cancer, there are growing concerns about exposure to different types of pesticides(杀虫剂) from farming. The impact of such chemicals on the human body is still not well understood, but there are some indications that harmful effects can occur even at low concentrations.
Meanwhile, pushed by environment and health concerns, the organic food market continues to grow rapidly. Organic food is produced without the use of synthetic(合成的) fertilizers, pesticides, genetically modified organisms and veterinary(兽医的) medications.
“Organic foods are less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional foods, and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticides，” Julia Baudry, lead author of the study from the Centre of Research in Epidemiology(流行病学) and Statistics in France, told Newsweek.