第二章    翻译的过程    The Process of Translation
1.理解：
1 语义方面 ：
1.1.1 根据在句中的词类来选择    .
1)Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.相同的电荷相斥  ,不同的电荷相吸  .
2)Like knows like.
3)I like translation more than writing.
4)    In the sunbeam passing through the windows there are fine grains of dust shining like gold.    在射入窗内的阳光里    , 细微的尘埃象金子一般在
闪闪发亮 .
1.1.2. 根据上下文
1)
He was the last man to come, but he wasn’tlate for the meeting.. 他是最后来的
2)
He is the last man to do it.  他决不会干那件事情的
3)
This is the last place where I expected to meet you.我怎么也没想到会在这个地方见到你    .

Take off:
1)To take off her boots or to put them on was an agony to her, but it had been an agony for years.
痛苦了 .

脱鞋或穿鞋对她一样痛苦

, 但这已是多年以来的

2)He always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is working, as though about to take
off. 他工作的时候 ,总是坐在椅子边上 ,好象随时都会站起身来的样子 .
1.1.3 根据搭配来选择    ：
light music 轻音乐， light loss 小损失，light car 轻型汽车， light heart 不专一的心， light step 轻快的脚步，tickle light manners 轻浮的举止， light voice
轻声
delicate skin 娇嫩的皮肤 /delicate upbringing 娇生惯养 /delicate living 奢侈的生活 / delicate vase 容易碰碎的花瓶 /delicate diplomatic question 微妙的外交问题 /delicate difference/ 讲不大清楚的差别 delicate ear for music 对音乐有鉴赏力 / delicate touch/ 妙笔生花 delicate features 清秀的五官 /delicate food 美味的食物
1.1.4 词语引申意
1.1.4.1 具体形象引伸为该形象的代表属性
1)There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of that smuggler 毒枭的性格既
残暴又狡猾
1.1.4.2 抽象变具体
1)there had been too much violence in that region 那个地区发生了许多暴力事件
2)The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green . 停下了 ,错过了绿灯 .
3)    Jewish-owned shops were shut down. Swastikas replaced six-pointed stars. The walls of anti-Semitism were closing in.    犹太人的铺子关闭了    .
字旗取代了六角星旗    .反犹太主义的包围圈一天紧似一天    .
1.1.5 complimentary or derogative terms
1)Your country is a consistent and resolute champion of all the peoples who struggle against terrorism. 。贵国一直坚定地站在反恐怖主义战线的前列。
2)It is the champion of that case.案子的罪魁祸首
3)Mary always gets what she wants by playing office politics.  耍手腕到达目的。
4)The arrogant policeman is very humble towards his superiors. 傲慢无礼的警察见到上司非常谦卑恭顺。
5)Should the couple split up or stay together for the sake of the kids? 这样的夫妻应该离异，还是为了孩子凑合过下去？
6)He has the reputation of being a blood-sucker.他是个臭名昭著的吸血鬼。
7)She has made a reputation for herself through hard work.她勤奋工作为自己赢得了声誉。
.
1.1.6 要了解文化特性
1)心中有事，必形于。    The face is the index of the mind.
2)别久情疏。 Far from eye, far from heart.
3)我让他抢了先。    He has stolen a march on me.
4)他想贿赂这个政府官员。    He is trying to oil the judge ’s palm.
5）Greek and Latin are all English to me.(English means easy. But “it is Greek to me “means to difficult)
6)There are cattle in the field, but we sit down to beef. 在地里放牧的叫牛，在餐桌上吃的叫牛肉。