Unit 8
Your passports, please.
Grammar
【名称】名词变复数(规则变化)
【规则】绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上-s。
< book—books bag—bags pen—pens
【不规则】
1. 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词后面加-es构成复数形式。
< class—classes  bus—buses fox—foxes
wish—wishes match—matches bench—benches
2. 以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,改y为ies,变成复数形式。
< fly—flies city—cities lady—ladies
belly—bellies duty—duties jury—juries
3. 以f或fe结尾的名词,一般将f或fe变为v,再加上-es,变为复数形式。
< life—lives leaf—leaves wife—wives
knife—knives thief—thieves hoof—hooves
4. 以辅音字母o结尾的名词,一般在后面加-es构成复数形式。
< potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes hero—heroes
negro—Negroes echo—echoes
【常用词汇复数】
is、am—are this—these that—those
<
单数复数例句
Book Books
These are my books. 这些是我的书。
Lady Ladies
These ladies are my friends. 这些女士是我的朋友。
Bus Buses
There are 5 buses in our town. 在我们镇上有5辆公交车。
ⅠWrite down the plural forms.
1. fox  ________
2. brush  ________
3. stomach  ________
4. knife  ________
5. Negro  ________
6. path  ________
7. Chinese ________
8. Englishman ________
9. Japanese    ________  10. Frenchman_______  11. German  ________  12. foot  ________ 13. child  ________    14. story  ________ 15. goose  ________ 16. family ________  17. waitress  ________
答案
1. foxes
2. Brushes
3. Stomachs
4. Knives
5. Negroes
6. Paths
7. Chinese
8. Englishmen
9. Japanese  10. Frenchmen  11. Germans  12. feet  13. children 14. Stories    15. geese    16. families      17. waitresses
Ⅱ Multiple choice.
1. A: Are ________ Danish? B: Yes, they are.
A. this girl
B. these boys
C. you
D. your teacher 2. A: What are those? B: ________.
A. It’s a red book
B. This are black umbrellas
C. These is a car
D. They are dogs 3.The carpet ________ my ________ is brown.
A. under, foot
B. under, foots
C. in, feet
D. under, feet 答案 1.B
解析:此题考查名词复数变化,答句中“they”表明针对第三人称复数提问,则只有“these boys”符合条件,故答案为B 。 2.D
解析:此题考查名词复数变化,A 选项为单数,可排除;B 选项“this”是单数,可排除;C 选项“is a car”也不符合要求,也可排除;D 选项完全符合要求,故答案为D.
Knife Knives These knives are red.          这些小刀是红的。 Hero Heroes I know many heroes’ name.    我知道许多英雄的名字。 Tooth
Teeth
My brother only has 4 teeth.    我弟弟只有4颗牙齿。
Practice
3.D
解析:此题考查名词复数变化,在…之下应选介词under,foot的复数为feet,故答案为D。Sentence structure
【名称】名词复数具体应用——以一般疑问句(复数)形式询问事情,以及肯定、否定回答句型的基本用法。
【含义及基本用法】以be动词(复数)开头的问一般疑问句,回答要用yes或者no。【结构】Be动词+主语+表语?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+Be动词
否定回答:No,主语+Be动词+not
< Are you Swedish? 你们是瑞典人吗?
Yes,we are. 是的,我们是。
No,we are not. 不,我们不是。
< Are they Swedish? 他们是瑞典人吗?
Are your friends Danish? 你的朋友们是瑞典人吗?
Are these your cases? 这些箱子是你们的吗?
Yes,they are. 是的,他们是。
No,they are not. 不,他们不是。
Practice
Fill in the blanks with am/is/are.
1. —________ these your ties?
—No, they ________ not. My ties ________ orange.
2. Which ________ your pencil? ________ these your pencils?
答案
1.Are;are;are
解析:本题考查be动词的复数,应填入are。
2.is,Are
解析:本题考查be动词的单复数应用,由前一句“pencil”可知应填is,后一句“pencils”可知应填are。
Vocabulary
整体呈现
customs n.海关officer n.官员girl n.女孩,姑娘Danish adj.&n.丹麦人friend n.朋友Norwegian adj.&n.挪威人passport n.护照brown adj.棕的tourist n.旅游者Russian adj.&n.俄罗斯人Dutch adj.&n.荷兰人
red adj.红的grey adj.灰的yellow adj.黄的black adj. 黑的orange adj.橘黄的these pron.这些(this的复数)
重点词汇解析
【释义】名词,旅行者,观光客,通常指为了消遣或娱乐进行旅游的人们。
< The tourist complains that the room is too dirty 游客抱怨说房间太脏了。【辨析】同义词:visitor
< The visitor is an English. 这个游客是一个英国人。
2.Russian
【释义】形容词,俄罗斯人的;俄国的。
< I like Russian food. 我喜欢俄罗斯的口味的食物。
名词,俄罗斯人;俄语。
< The tourist is a Russian. 这个游客是一个俄罗斯人。
Russian is very difficult to learn. 俄语太难学了。
【辨析】复数形式:Russians
3.these
【释义】代词,这些,this的复数。
【辨析】反义词:those 那些
these days 这些天these books 这些书
What are these?这些是什么?
Are these cars Lily’s? 这些车是Lily的吗?
【释义】形容词,橘黄的
< The sun looks like an orange ball. 太阳看上去象只橘黄的球
名词,橙子,橘子
< Which one do you prefer, an apple or an orange?
你想要哪个,苹果还是橘子?
Give me an orange. 给我一个橘子。
Practice
ⅠFill in the blanks.
1.fr _ _ nd (朋友)
2. t _ _ r _ st (旅游者)
3. N _ rw _ gi _ n (挪威人)
4.p _ ss _ _ rt (护照)
5. br _ w _ (棕的)
6. g _ _ l (女孩)
7.c _ st _ ms (海关) 8. _ f _ c _ r (官员) 9. D _ n _ sh (丹麦人) 10.pr _ bl _ m (问题)
配备答案:
1. friend
2. Tourist
3. Norwegian
4. Passport
5. brown
6. girl
7. customs
8. Officer
9. Danish 10. problem
Listening
ⅠTrue or False.
1. Tony has eyes on the back of his head.
2. The first paper is Bob's.
3. The second paper is Bob's.
Ⅱ Multiple choice.
1. Whose exam paper is the first one?
A. The teacher's.
B. Bob's.
C. Jane's.
D. Tony's.
2. Whose exam paper is the second one?
A. The teacher's.
B. Bob's.
C. Jane's.
D. Tony's.
配备答案:
1.F T F
2.B D
原文及答案:
W: Whose exam paper is this?
M: It's mine.
W: And whose exam paper is this?
M: It's Tony's.
W: And why are your answers exactly the same as his, Bob?
M: Because Tony has eyes on the back of his head.
transform的例句解析:本题为情景对话,首先需要确定对话双方的身份:女:teacher和男:Bob(W: And why are your answers exactly the same as his, Bob?由此句可以判断)。故判断2为T,3为F。选择为B、D。
W: Whose exam paper is this?
M: It's mine.
此处可确定第一份试卷是Bob的。则第二份是T ony的。
由于Bob和T ony的卷子是一样的,老师产生怀疑,并询问。Bob回答:Tony has eyes on the back of his head。应该理解为,Tony抄袭了Bob的试卷,而不是“T ony的眼睛长在头