阅读理解专题--推理判断题
一、如何推断隐含意义
Passage 1. Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock?
If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called "the deathwatch beetle." （1分钟）
●The sound of this beetle ________.
A. pleased people.
B. surprised people.
C. frightened people.
D. excited people.
Passage 2.It is said that people should take a lesson from the clock. The clock passes the time by keeping its hands busy. People who do what the clock does also pass the time by keeping their
hands busy and not by sleeping the time away. （1.5分钟）
●From the text you can tell that busy people______
A. act like clocks.
B. sleep the time away.
C. don't do what clocks do.
D. don't have hands.
Passage 3. Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the
Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, and is now found mostly in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time,
herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the
East to the Rocky Mountains in the West. （2分钟）
●The author implies that several types of bison______.
A. live outside the United Stated and Canada
B. are well adapted to swampy terrain（沼泽地带）
C. existed before the Ice Age
D. have been killed or have died out
二、如何推断作者观点和态度：
Passage 4. Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly，I’m sick of all this bad news. （0.5分钟）
●This author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _____.
A. complain
B. apologize
C. amuse
D. inform
Passage 5.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain
or suffering—can be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control
of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have
a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like cryin g, don’t
and healthy—emotional response(反应). （2分钟）
fight it. It’s a natural—
●According to the author, which of the following statements is true?
A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.
B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.
C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.
D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.
faster怎么读?
Passage6.Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure--- those
who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed
in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an
immediate excitement from a risky activity, which may only last a few minutes or even
seconds.
I would consider bungee jumping（蹦极跳）to be a good example of such an activity. You
jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot air balloon) 200 meters above the ground
with an elastic（有弹性的）rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour
until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around
the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say as
risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the
top of high cliffs.
Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists（心理学家）
suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long
ago, people's lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases
could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival（生存）.
Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in
comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to
look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger
in activities such as bungee jumping. （5分钟）
●The writer of the text has a ____ attitude（态度）towards dangerous sports.
A. positive（肯定的）
B. negative（否定的）
C. neutral （中立的）
D. nervous
三、如何推断写作目的
Passage7. “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped
or of the Wave
in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Tayl
Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said. （1.5分钟）
●The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to ______.
B.draw the readers’ attention to the topic
C.show Jamie Taylor’s importance
D. invite the readers to answer them
Passage8A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from
Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man's big family-his parents, his brothers, their
wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great
interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.
Three months later the woman went back to her parents' home, having quarreled with her
husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One
morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.
It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her
with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her
husband's home. （3分钟）
●The writer wrote the story in order to________.
A. show that elephants are very clever
B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal
C. show that women care more for animals than men do
D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife
四、如何推断文章出处
Passage9（全国卷）Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you
Read the following directions and see if you know what is meant by “Take only as directed?”
understand them.
To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours,
as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.
For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice.
Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.
●This text is most probably taken from a ______. （2分钟）
s notebook D. bottle of medicine
A. textbook
B. newsreel
C.doctor’
Passage10 M ore than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured（受伤）each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window.
Wearing a seat belt（安全带）saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to $ 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear
your belt. But it will be the driver's responsibility（责任）to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing seat belt of some kind.
However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing（倒退）your vehicle or you are making a local delivery（发送）or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances（情形）apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court
for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it. （3分钟）
●This text is taken from _____.
A. a medical magazine
B. a police report
C. an advertisement（广告）
D. a government information booklet（小册子）五．推断上下文内容
Passage 11
When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees, causing the trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests
to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon. This development led to farming and the domestication of animals. Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible. Only when the process
of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities. （3分钟）
●The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about ____________.
A. fire
B. hunting
C. farming
D. urbanization （城市化）
六、Practice (Homework)
2008年陕西高考E篇
Did you know that women’s brains are smaller than men’s? The average women’s brain
that the bigger the brain, the cleverer the
weighs 10% less than men’s. Since research has shown
animal, men must be more intelligent(聪明的) than women. Right? Wrong. Men and women
always score similarly on intelligence tests, despite the difference in brain size. Why? After years
matters, not just the size of the
of study, researchers have co ncluded that it’s what’s inside that
and“white matter”. While men have more of the
brain. The brain consists of “grey matter”
latter, the amount of “thinking” brain is almost exactly the same in both sexes.
It has been suggested that smaller brain appears to work faster, perhaps because the two sides
of the brain are better connected in women. This means that little girls tend to learn to speak
earlier, and that women can understand sorts of information from different sources at the same
time. When it comes to talking to the boss on the phone, cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the
baby all at the same time, it’s women who come out on top every time.
There are other important differences between two sexes. As white matter is the key to
spatial(空间的) tasks, men know better where things are in relation to other things. “A great
footballer always knows where he is in relation to the other players, and he knows where to go,
says one researcher. That may explain one of life’s great mysteries: why men refuse to ask for
directions … and women often need to!
The differences begin when fetuses(胎儿) are about nine weeks old, which can be seen in the
action of children as young as one. A boy would try to climb a barrier (障碍物) before him or push
it down while a girl would attract help from others. These brain differences also explain the fact
that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills, while more women speech skills. It
may all go back to our ancestors(祖先) ,among whom women needed speech skills to take care of
their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt, according to one research.
If all this disappoints you, it shouldn’t. “The brain changes throughout our lives according to
ologist.
what we do with it.” says a bi
57. Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?
A. Women’s brain is 10% less than men’ｓ
B. Grey matter plays the same role as white matter.
C. Grey matter controls thinking in the brain.
D. Both sexes have the same amount of white matter.
58. What can we infer from the second and third paragraphs?
A. Women prefer doing many things at a time.
B. Men do better dealing with one job at a time.
C. Women do not need to tell directions.
D. Men have weaker spatial abilities.
59. Which of the following do you agree with according to the fourth paragraph?
A. Young boys may be stronger than young girls.
B. More women take up jobs requiring speech skills
C. Women may have stronger feelings than men.
D. Our ancestors needed more spatial skills.
60. What is the writer’s attitude in writing this passage?
A. Defensive.
B. Persuasive.
C. Supportive.
D. Objective.
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