新人教版 选择性必修三 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage单元知识点
【词汇短语】
1. Great works are performed not by strength, but perseverance. (P37)
伟大的作品不是靠力量,而是靠坚持来完成的。
perseverance  /ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪərəns/  n. 毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神
【拓展】
persevere  /ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪə(r)vi. 坚持;孜孜以求
persevere in (doing) sth  坚持做某事         
persevere with sth  孜孜不倦地做某事
【例句】
You have to persevere with difficult students.
对难教的学生你必须坚持诲人不倦的精神。
Despite a number of setbacks, they persevered in their attempts to fly around the world in a hot-air balloon.
虽然屡遭挫折,他们仍不断尝试乘热气球环游世界。
2. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified. (P38)
然而,当我申请参加这次探险时,沙克尔顿却拒绝了我,因为他认为我太年轻,不具备
资格。
turn sb down  拒绝某人
【例句】
I applied for the job but they turned me down.
我申请那份工作,但他们拒绝了我。
【拓展】
3. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified. (P38)
然而,当我申请参加这次探险时,沙克尔顿却拒绝了我,因为他认为我太年轻,不具备
资格。
qualified  /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/  adj. 符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
【搭配】
be qualified to do sth  有资格做某事   
be qualified for ...  符合……的条件
【例句】
He took all kinds of tests to prove he was qualified for this important task.
他做了各种测试来证明他完全能胜任这项重要的任务。
resolve to do sthHe is not yet an adult, so he isn’t qualified to vote.
他还没有成年,所以没有资格投票。
【拓展】
qualify  vi. 合格,取得资格(或学历) vt. 使合格,使具备资格
qualify for ...  取得……资格   
qualify sb for ...  使某人能胜任……
qualify sb to do ...  使某人有资格做……   
qualification  n. [C] 资格,资历;学历
have (no) qualifications for (doing) sth / to do sth  (没)有(做)……的资格
【例句】
The test will qualify you to drive heavy vehicles.
通过这项考试你就有资格驾驶重型车辆。
Membership qualifies you for a discount on purchases.
会员购买可以享受优惠。
A victory in this game will earn them qualification for the World Cup.
这场比赛的胜利将使他们取得世界杯的参赛资格。
4. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. (P38)
但是,满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情,我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍号”轮船,躲在一个小橱柜里。
enthusiastic  /ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈæstɪkadj. 热情的;热心的
【搭配】
be enthusiastic about (doing) sth  对(做)某事热心/感兴趣
【例句】
He was so enthusiastic about learning Chinese and after six months, he could speak it fluently.
他对学习中文十分感兴趣。六个月后,他的中文说得相当流利。
【拓展】
enthusiasm n. [U]热情,热心,热忱   
enthusiastically  adv. 热情地
5. He assigned me to be a steward ... (P38)
他指派我担任服务员……
assign  /əˈsaɪn/ vt. 分派;布置;分配
【搭配】
assign sb sth = assign sth to sb  分配给某人某物
assign sb to do sth  指派某人做某事
assign sb to sth  指派某人做某一项工作 
assign sb as sth  指派某人任某一职务
【例句】
The teacher has assigned each of us a holiday task
老师给我们每个人都分配了假期的任务。
Theyve assigned the best man to do the job
他们指派了最优秀的人做这项工作。
【拓展】
assignment  n. [C, U](分派的)工作,任务; [U](工作等的)分派,布置
6. Before we abandoned the ship, ... (P38)     
在我们弃船之前,……
abandon  /əˈbændən/  vt. 舍弃;抛弃;放弃
【例句】
Our car broke down halfway. We had to abandon our car and walk the rest of the way.
我们的车半路抛锚了。我们只好弃车,走完剩下的路。
【拓展】
abandon vt. 陷入,沉湎于(某种情感)     
abandon oneself to  沉湎于(某种情感),陷入(to为介词,后跟名词或V-ing
abandoned  adj. 被遗弃的;废弃的;放纵的(可作前置定语或表语)
【例句】
Abandoning himself to the sorrow of losing his cat, Steven just couldn’t help crying.
斯蒂芬沉湎于丢失了他的猫的悲伤中,不禁哭了起来。
7. Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope. (P39)
他们对别人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念,让我充满希望。
resolve  /rɪˈzɒlv/  vi. & vt. 决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)  n. 决心;坚定的信念
【搭配】
resolve (not) to do sth  决定(不)做某事 
resolve on (doing) sth  决定(做)某事
【例句】
He resolved not to tell her the truth. 
他决定不告诉她真相。
We have resolved on making an early start. 
我们已经决定早点儿动身。
【拓展】
resolution  n. [U, sing.](问题、分歧等的)解决,消除; [C]决心,决定
【例句】
Have you made any New Years resolutions
你有什么新年计划吗?
8. The officer was assigned to conduct a thorough investigation into the incident. (P40)
这名警官被派去对这一事件进行彻底的调查。
thorough  /ˈθʌrə/  adj. 深入的;彻底的;细致的
【拓展】
thoroughly  adv. 深入地;彻底地
【例句】
The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and comprehensive review of the case.
警官决定对该案件进行一次细致、详尽的审查。
They had not studied the language very thoroughly.
他们没有很仔细地研究这一语言。
9. Jasons only recreation is painting. (P41)
杰森唯一的消遣就是画画。
recreation  /ˌrekri'eɪʃn/ n. 娱乐;消遣;游戏
【拓展】
recreational  adj. 娱乐的;消遣的
【例句】
According to Anderson, TV doesnt take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. 
安德森认为,对大多数孩子来说,电视并没有取代阅读;它取代了类似的娱乐活动,比如听
收音机和做运动。
My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.
我女儿在一个休闲足球队踢球。
10. He finally finished the research paper under his tutors guidance. (P41)