Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music ?
< at all一点也不
(1)用于回答别人道歉,表示“没关系”,相当于That’s all right.
—I’m sorry I am late again.对不起,我又迟到了。
—Not at all.没关系。
(2)用于回答感谢时的答语,意为“不客气”
—Thank you for helping me with my French.感谢你协助我学习法语。
—Not at all.
(3)not…at all根本不……,一点也不……,常用来修饰谓语动词,at all 放在句末增强语气。
(4)用来回答Would you mind (one’s) doing sth.?表示不介意做某事。
—Would you mind turning down the music? 你介意把音乐声关小一点吗?
Not at all.不介意。
2.turn down把……调低;关小
turn down是“动词+副词”短语,接代词时,代词放在turn和down中间。
辨析turn up, turn down, turn on, turn off (都是“动词+副词”结构)
(1)turn up调大,开大
Would you please turn up the music? I can’t hear clearly. 把音乐声调大一点行吗?我听不清楚。
(2)turn down调低,关小
Would you mind turning down the TV? It’s almost 12 o’clock at night.
你介意把音乐声调小一点吗?快晚上12点了。
(3)turn on打开(电灯,自来水,煤气,无线电等)
She turned the TV on.她打开了电视机。
(4)turn off关上(电灯,自来水,煤气,无线电等)
Don’t forget to turn off the gas before you leave.出门前别忘了关掉煤气。
3.yard [jɑ:d] n.院子clean the yard打扫庭院
Would you mind cleaning the yard?你介意打扫一下庭院吗?
4.right away立刻;马上同义词有:at once, right now
5.task [tɑ:sk, tæsk] n.任务;工作;作业可数名词
finish these tasks完成这些任务
6.poster ['pəustə] n.海报可数名词
make some posters制作一些海报
7.waitress ['weitris] n.女服务生
waiter n.(男)服务员,侍者
类似的还有:host主人,主持人→hostess女主人,女主持人tiger老虎→tigress['taiɡris]雌虎,母老虎
actor男演员→actress女演员
8.brought [brɔ:t] bring的过去式
9.solution [sə'lu:ʃən] n.解答;解决办法a solution to解决……的方法/方案
solve v.解决;解答
10.line [lain] n.排;队;列
(1)wait in line排队等候
(2)stand in line站队
(3)cut in line插队
11.annoy [ə'nɔi] v.使恼怒;使生气
annoy sb.使某人烦恼/心烦/生气(by doing sth.)
Don’t annoy your neighbors by singing loudly at night.夜晚不要大声唱歌打扰邻居。12.annoyed [ə'nɔid] adj.生气的;恼怒的,主语常是人。
(1)be annoyed with sb.生某人的气
(2)be annoyed at sth.因某事生气
(3)get annoyed变得气恼
annoying [ə'nɔiiŋ] adj.令人厌烦的;令人烦恼的,其主语常是物
13.polite [pə'lait] adj.有礼貌的;客气的反义:impolite 没有礼貌的
It is polite of sb. to do sth.做某事是有礼貌的
It is polite of you to say “goodbye” to your parents when you leave.你离开时向你的父母说再见是有礼貌的。
(1)其它表示人的性情和品德方面的词,都有It is +adj+of you to do sth.这种结构。例如:kind, foolish, clever,good,rude等。
It was foolish of you to leave school.你中途退学真傻。
(2)表示事物状况的形容词,则用for, 即It is+adj+for sb. to do sth.,这类的形容词有:difficult, hard, easy, dangerous等。
It is difficult for us to solve the problem.这个问题我们很难解决。
music可数吗14.perhaps [pə'hæps] adv.或许;大概
Perhaps this will be a mild winter.或许今年冬季会很温和。
表示确定度的词语:
certain确定→probably很可能→perhaps,maybe或许→possibly可能→never绝不
perhaps和maybe意思相似,但perhaps比maybe略为正式。
(以上部分内容参考《外研社英汉多功能词典》1555页)
15.door [dɔ:] n.门
(1)at the door在门口
(2)from door to door家家,挨家挨户地
(3)next door隔壁
16.cut in line=jump the queue [kju:] 插队
17.hasn’t=has not
< [tə:m] n.术语
It is normal for sb. to do sth.某人做某事很正常。
It is normal for us not to want to work on Sunday.我们不想在周日工作这很正常。
21.behavior [bi'heivjə] n.行为;举止;表现
behave [bi'heiv] v.表现;举止behave politely表现礼貌
22.at first首先= at the beginning ,一般用来暗示后来的情况有所变化。
At first he lived in Tianjin then moved to Shanghai. 最初他住在天津,但后来他搬到了上海。
23.Asian ['eiʃən] adj.亚洲的;亚洲人的n.亚洲人
Asia n.亚洲
24.uncomfortable [,ʌn'kʌmfətəbl] adj. adj.不舒服的反义:comfortable
25.impolite ['impə'lait] adj.无理的;粗鲁的反义;polite
26.allow [ə'lau] v.允许;准许
(1) allow doing sth.允许做某事
They don’t allow smoking in the hall.他们不允许在大厅内吸烟。
(2)allow sb to do sth.允许某人做某事
His parents won’t allow him to stay out late.他的父母不会允许他在外待得很晚。
(3)be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
We are not allowed to touch the flowers.我们不能够碰这些花。
27.keep…down控制;抑制
Keep your voice down控制你的声音;小声点
Keep用法;
(1)keep+宾语+adj.
○1Please keep the library quiet.请保持图书馆安静
○2Keep your eyes closed until I tell you to open them.闭上眼睛,我让你睁开时再睁开。
(2)keep+宾语+现在分词使……一直持续做某事keep a candle lighting让蜡烛一直燃烧
(3)keep+宾语+介词短语
I always keep the keys in my pocket.我总是把钥匙放在口袋里。
(4)keep(on)doing sth.继续做某事
My grandpa keeps saying the same thing.我祖父持续重复着同样的话。
(5)keep+宾语+副词/副词短语
Plesase keep your mobile phone off.请关闭你的手机。
28.voice [vɔis] n.声音
辨析sound,noise与voice
在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者能够通用。
I heard a sound/noise/voice 我听到一个声音。
但它们又各有特定的含义。
(1) sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指能够听到的任何声音。
a weak sound  微弱的声音
a sharp sound 尖锐的声音
(2) noise 作“噪音”,“嘈杂声”、“吵闹声”解,特指不悦耳,不和谐的声音
(loud and unpleasant sound)。它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。
Another kind of pollution is noise.另外一种污染是噪音。(这里不能用sound)
make a noise吵闹,制作噪音
(3) voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声、歌声和笑声,有时也指鸟鸣
的声音。
She has a very clear voice.她的嗓音很清晰。
29.public ['pʌblik] n.公众
in public公开地,公然地,当众,在公共场合
She doesn’t like to speak in public.她不喜欢在公共场合说话。
30.take care当心;小心相当于be careful, look out
(1)take care to do sth.小心做某事
The girl took care to put up the picture on the wall.=The girl put up the picture on the wall carefully.
那个女孩小心地把图片贴到墙上。
(2)take care not to do sth.当心不要做某事
We should take care not to break the glass.我们理应小心不要打碎了玻璃。
have a cough咳嗽have a bad cough咳嗽得厉害
32.sneeze [sni:z] v.打喷嚏
keep sneezing一直打喷嚏
33.break [breik] v.打破;违背
break the rule违反规则break the law违法
34.politely [pə'laitli] adv.有礼貌地;客气地;斯文地
35.smoke [sməuk] v.抽烟;吸烟
36.cigarette [,siɡə'ret, 'siɡ-] n.香烟;卷烟;纸烟
smoke a cigarette吸烟
criticize sb. for sth./doing sth.因某事/做某事而苛求/指责/批评某人
She’s always criticizing her friends for being selfish.她总是批评她的朋友自私。
38.careful ['kεəful]adj.小心的;谨慎的
be careful (not) to do sth.小心(不要)做某事
Be careful not to catch cold.小心不要感冒。
be careful (not) to do sth.可与be careful +that从句替换。上句能够改写为:
Be careful that you don’t catch cold.
39.drop [drɔp] v.落下;掉下;使落下
40.litter ['litə] n垃圾不可数名词
drop litter倒垃圾
41.pick [pik] v.采;摘;挑选
42.pick up捡起,拾起动副结构,接代词时,代词放中间。
Would you mind picking it up?你介意把它捡起来吗?
pick up其他含义
(1)pick up(某人)开车去接…;(途中)顺便承载/捎载
I will pick you up at seven at the station.7点钟我开车去车站接你。
(2)pick up the phone接电话
(3)pick up(偶然)获得…,购买…,学会…
Gina picked up that TV at a second-hand store.吉娜在一家旧货商店买了那台电视。
43.behave [bi'heiv] v.举止;表现
behave well表现好;举止得体
44.Nick [nik] 尼克(男名)
45.Harris ['hæris]哈里斯(女名)
二语言点
Section A
1.Would you mind turning down the music?你介意把音乐声关小一点吗?
(1)Would you mind doing sth.?你介意做某事吗?用来表示征求对方的意见或向对方提出请求。
(2)Would you mind doing sth.?的否定形式:Would you mind not doing sth.?你介意不做某事
吗?
Would you mind not playing soccer here?别在这儿踢足球好吗?
(3)对此问句的回答,若表示“不介意”,常用“No, not at all.”“Certainly not.”或“Of course not.”等来回答;
若表示“介意”,常用“I’m sorry, …”,“I’m afraid…”或“I think you’d better not…”等来回答。
(4)Would/Do you mind if sb.…?=Would/Do you mind sb’s doing sth.?你介意某人做某事吗?
—Would you mind my smoking here?我在这儿抽烟,你介意吗?
—Sorry, you’d better not. 对不起,你最好不要抽烟。—
2.Sorry. I’ll do it right away.对不起,我马上就做。
(1)right away马上,立刻,其同义词有:at once, right now. right
(2)right away多用于将来时态。
3.OK. I’ll do them in a minute.好的,我马上就做。
in a minute马上,立刻,相当于right away或very soon,常用于将来时态。
4.If you finish these tasks, we can go to a movie tonight.如果你完成了这些任务,我们今天晚上就能够去看电影。
关于“看电影”的不同表达:
(1) go to see a film, go to a movie, go to the cinema ,go to a film
(2)if引导条件状语从句,口诀:主将从现,主祈从现,主情从现
5.A:Yan Ming, could you make some posters?严明,你能制作一些海报吗?
B:Sure, that’s no problem.当然,没问题。
(1)Could you please do…?请你干……好吗?此句中could不表示过去,而是表示请求,是一种委婉语气。
(2)Could you please do…?中could能够换成would,can等。
(3)其否定形式:Could you please not do…?请你不干……好吗?
Could you please not play with a knife ?请你不要玩小刀好吗?
(4)肯定回答:No problem/Sure/Certainly/Of course.没问题/当然能够
否定回答:Sorry, I’m afraid…/Sorry,I have to…