名词复数的不规则变化与所有格
第一篇：名词复数的不规则变化与所有格
名词复数的不规则变化与所有格
名词复数
1）child——children
foot——feet
tooth——teeth
mouse——mice
man——men
woman——women
注意：由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；
2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese，但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar，two dollars； a meter，two meters.3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：
people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle，the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词作复数用，4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，b.news 为不可数名词。c.the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945.“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5）：glasses（眼镜）trousers，clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair（对，双）； suit（套）； a pair of glasses； two pairs of trousers等。
6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。
名词的格
1）单数名词词尾加“'s”，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加“'s”，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。
2）若名词已有复数词尾-s，只加“ ' ”，如：the workers' room3）凡不能加“'s”的名词，都可以用“名词+of +名词”的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。
4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barber's 理发店。
5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”；只有一个's，则表示'共有'.例如：John's and Mary's rooms（两间）
John and Mary's room（一间）
6）复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。例如：a month or two's work
不可数名词量的表示
比较：Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是一种食物。（不可数）
These cakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。（可数）
c.当物质名词表示份数时，可数。例如：
Our country is famous for tea.我国因茶叶而闻名。Two teas，please.请来两杯茶。
物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice 一则建议。
定语名词的复数
名词作定语
1）
用复数作定语。例如：
sports meeting 运动会
students reading-room 学生阅览室
2）man，woman，gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如： men workers
women teachers
gentlemen officials
3）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋
a ten-mile walk 十英里路
two-hundred trees 两百棵树
a five-year plan.不同国籍人的单复数
中国人
the Chinese
a Chinese
two Chinese 澳大利亚人
the Australians
an Australian
two Australians the Russians
a Russian
two Russians the Italians
an Italian
two Italians the Greek
a Greek
two Greeks the French
a Frenchman
two Frenchmen the Japanese
a Japanese
two Japanese the Americans
an American
two Americans the Indians
an Indian
two Indians the Canadians
a Canadian
two Canadians the Germans
a German
two Germans the English
an Englishman
two Englishmen the Swedish
a Swede
two Swedes
下面是有关英语名词的练习
1.This is ___ reading-room.A.the teacher’s
B.teacher’s
C.teacher’s
2.Nothing was found but ___ broken.3.How many___ would you like? A.paper
B.Bread
C.pieces of papers
4.He was praised for his ___.A.brave
B.Bravery
C.bravely
5.Please get me a new ___ when you go to town.A.clothes
B.dress
C.clothing
6.There are 34___ doctors in the hospital.A.woman
Bwomen
C.woman’s
D.the teachers’
D.pieces of bread
D.great brave
D.trousers D.women’s
7.Some___ are even thinner than your little finger.A.bamboo
B.bamboos
C.kinds of bamboo
D.kinds of bamboos
8.He was born in this town and now he lives in ___.A.Building second
B.Building Two
C.the Building Two
D.Building the Second
9.Old as he is, he has ___to do every day.A.a lot of work
B.much works C.lots of homeworks
D.quite a lot of homeworks
10.Jack’s room is furnished with ___.A.new furnitures
B.many new furnitures
C.many new pieces of furnitures
D.many new pieces of furniture
11.Have you read ___newspaper yet? A.today’s
B.Today’s
C.the today’s
D.your today’s
12.It’s not far, only ___walk from here to our school.A.a ten minutes
B.ten minutes
C.a ten minutes’
D.ten minutes’
13.Last month, he wrote me ___letter.A.a 1000-word
B.1000 words C.a 1000-words
D.1000 words’
14.He had a ___sleep yesterday.A.a good night
B.a good-night C.a good night’s
D.good-night’s
15.___is not a long way to drive.C.Three miles’ distance
D.A three-mile-distance
16.His isn’t fit for the work.Please get me ___.A.something else
B.somebody else
weight可不可数
C.someone else’s
D.somebody’s else
17.Do you know how large ___ is? A.population of China
B.Chinese population
C.China population
D.China’s population
18.___ is too much for the boy to carry.A.The box weight
B.The box’s weight
C.The weight of the box
D.The box of the weight
19.Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest ___ shop? A.shoes
B.shoe
C.shoes’
D.shoe’s
20.What ___ weather we’re having these days!
A.nice
B.a nice
C.a bad
D.worse