小学六年级语法：专题一__名词单复数
专题一名词的单复数
一、定义：名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数，一律看作单数。
radio复数二、可数名词：
⑴可数名词的前的量词：可数名词的单数前什么时候用a，什么时候用an？
以元音音标（或音素）开头的用an。以辅音音标（或音素）开头的用a。
一、选择a或an或不填（用/ 表示）
pen bag apple big apple
banana orange oranges orange pen
⑵可数名词单数→复数的变化规则：
①一般在词尾加s，如：books、bags、fruits、girls、maps、pens、
②以th结尾的名词，词尾+s，如：months、mouths、paths
③以s、x、z、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如classes、boxes、buzzes、watches、
④以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再+es，读[iz]，如：family-families 、baby-babies 以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接在词尾+s，如：boy-boys、day-days、toy-toys
⑤以辅音+o结尾的名词，词尾+es ，如：tamato-tametoes 、potato-potatoes
但某些却是+s，如：photo-photos、kilo-kilos
以元音+o结尾的名词，词尾+s ，如：zoo-zoos、radio-radios、kangaroo-kangaroos
⑥以f、fe结尾的名词变f、fe为ves,如：wolf- wolves、wife- wifves、life-lives、knife-knives
⑶名词复数的不规则变化：
man—men woman—women tooth—teeth child—children
foot—feet goose—geese mouse—mice
⑷单复同形的名词有：
Chinese 中国人Japanese 日本人sheep 绵羊deer 鹿fish鱼people人glass玻璃grass草
注意：⑴fish ：①当一条鱼讲时，单复数同形，如three fish.
②当各种各样的鱼讲时，即强调鱼的种类时，要加es. 如：all kinds of fishes .
③当鱼肉讲时，不可数。
⑵people：当people后加上s，即people s时，表示“民族”
例如：There are 56 peoples in China. 中国有56个民族。
二、不可数名词：
以下词为常为不可数名词，他们的复数形式就是他们本身。
water milk tea rice orange juice bread meat
三、复合名词的单复数：
当出现名词+名词这样的复合名词时，则两者都要变为复数形式，如：
woman teacher（女老师）- wom e n teacher s（女老师们）
【注意be 动词遇到名词时的运用: 单数名词用is, 复数名词全用are.】
音标：
元音(20个)：前元音：[i:][i] [e] [?] 、后元音：[ɑ:][?:] [?] [u:] [u] [?]、中元音：[?:] [?] 、双元音：[ei] [?u] [ai] [au] [?i] [i?] [ε?] [u?]辅音(28个)：爆破音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] [t?] [d?] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] 摩擦音：[f] [v] [s] [z] [θ][e] [?] [?] [r] [h]
鼻音：[m] [n] [?] 舌边音：[l] 半元音：[w] [j]
练习题
一、写出下列各词的复数
I ____we_____ this _____these______ that_____those______
watch ___waches____ child _children______ photo ________ diary _________
day________ foot___feet_____ book_____books_ dress
______dresses_____
tooth____teeth___ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry
__________
thief _______ peach______ sandwich __________
man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice____________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea_____________
二、用适当的单复数形式填空：
1. I have two____knives _ (knife)
2. There are many ___ __ here. (box)
3. There are many ____ _ on the road. (bus)
4. A few __ __ are drawing on the wall. (boy)
5. The ___ __ are playing football now. (child)
三、选择：
1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.
A. are photoes
B. are photos
C. is a photo
D. is photos
2.、This kind of car made in Shanghai.
A. is B .are C .were D .has
3、There are four and two in the group.
A. Japanese , Germen B Japaneses, Germen
C. Japanese , German
D.Japanese, Germans
4、That’s a art book.
A. an
B. a
C. the D are
5、The boys have got already.
A. two bread
B. two breads
C. two pieces of bread
D. two piece of bread
6、The old man wants .
A. six boxes of apples
B. six boxes of apple
C. six box of apples
D. six boxes of apples
7、There some in the river.
A. is , fish
B. are, fishes
C. is, fishes
D. are ,fish
8、There two in the box.
A. is watch
B. are watches
C. are watch
D. is watches
9. We should clean twice a day.
A .our tooth B. our h D.our teeth
10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.
A.teacher
B.teacher’s
C.teachers’
D.teachers
11. In Britain _____ are all painted red.
A. letter boxes
B. letters boxes
C.letter box
D.letters box
12. They come from different ______
A. country
B. countries
C. a country
D. countrys
13. How many ______ do you see in the picture?
A. tomatos
B. tomatoes
C. tomato
D. the tomato
14. They are______.
A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher
15. Would you like _______ ,please?
A. two glass of water
B. two glasses of water
C. two glass of waters
D. two glasses of waters
16. Most of ______ live in _______.
A. Germans, German
B. German, Germen
C. Germen, Germany
D. Germans, Germany
17. There are some ______ in these _______.
A. knifes…pencil-boxes
B. knives…pencils-box
C. knives…pencil-box
D. knives…pencils-boxes
18. ______ like ______ by air.
A. Greens, traveling
B. The Green, traveling
C. The Greens, travel
D. The Greens, traveling
19. I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).
A. the people
B. people
C. peoples
D. the peoples
20. There is no ______ in the plate.
A. apples
B. oranges
C. rice
D. eggs
21、I want three white paper.
A. pieces
B. piece of
C. pieces of D piece
22、Do you want to drink much ?
A、a milk
B、milk
C、milks D. some milk
23、This is room. It’s very big.