水平井裸眼完井砾石充填步骤
The Baker Hughes CSAP gravel pack system has all of the same field proven features of CS-300 system. The definition of CSAP is Cake-Saver-Acid-Placement, before running in hole with the gravel pack assembly, displace the open hole section in casing to brine. It’s critical to the successive hole cleaning to maximize the fluid velocity at 300 ft/min near the well bore wall.
贝克休斯CSAP砾石充填系统具有CS-300已经验证的所有相同的属性。在向井下下砾石充填的组合工具时，向套管下的裸眼部分打入盐水，这对裸眼井壁附近液流速度达到300英尺每分，连续地洗井起着非常关键的作用。
For this reason, it’s important to fully maintain turbulent fluid possible. Low-viscosity fluids are desired to help to retain turbulence. However, while low-viscosity fluids help maximize velocity near the wall. It’s commonly assumed that their use also makes it somewhat more difficult to remove solids from the wellbore. To carry solids completely out of the wellbore,elevated flow velocities are required.
由于这个原因，完全保持湍流的液体很重要。低剪切速度的液体有助于保持湍流。然而，尽管低剪切速度的流体能保证井壁附近的流体高流速。但是通常它们也存在一个缺点那就是更难将井眼的固体携带出来。为了将固体百分之百地携带出井眼，就要求液体具有很高的流速。
The steps to compete the procedure are:
步骤如下：
1、Pick up gravel pack assembly and run in hole to setting depth.
将砾石充填组合工具下放到井下预定的深度。
2、Circulate brine down the work string and out the GPV shoe around the screen annulus at a rate below 25ft/sec pass the SC packing element.
将盐水循环到工作管住从GPV引鞋流出，到筛管环空周围，速度为25英尺没秒以内，通过防砂充填工具。
3、Drop a stainless steel ball to set the SC packer, this section will shift the ball seat isolation sleeve downward, opening the return bypass ports in the crossover tool, and locking the primary ball on the ball seat.
swabbing
将一个不锈钢球丢手，坐在防砂封隔器上，会使球座封隔套筒向下移动，打开crossover tool 的回路旁通通道，将初始的那个不锈钢球锁在球座上。
4、Set the packer, pull the packer tech-unit, perform an anchor test on the SC packer.
坐封隔器，拉动封隔器部分，在防砂封隔器上做一个锚定测试。
5、Pull 30000 pounds over the last recorded up-weight, followed by slacking off 30,000 pounds below the last recorded down-weight. This is your running in hole position. Followed by picking up the work string to confirm the crossover tool is free from the gravel pack packer assembly.
最后一个记录的上提载荷重加到30000磅，然后将最后一个记录的释放重量加到30000磅。这是下工具的位置。接下来上提工作管住以确保crossover tool脱离了防砂封隔器组合，可以
自由上提下放。
6、Pick up the work string to position the SMART Collet above the first indicating coupling, slack off 30,000 pounds, this is your test packer position. Apply the required test pressure to the annulus, to confirm the SC packing element is packed off on the casing inside diameter.
上提工作管住到SMART Collet 的第一个位置指示接箍，释放30000磅的重量，这个是测试封隔器的位置。对环空进行要求的压力测试，来保证防砂封隔工具坐封在了套管避上。7、Pick up the work string to position the SMART Collet above the second indicating coupling.
Slack off 30,000 pounds, this is your circulating position.
上提工作管柱到SMART Collet 的第二个位置指示接箍，释放30000磅的重量，这个是正循环的位置。
8、Start pumping operations, once the pump rate has stabilized, start sand feed from the infuser. 开始泵注操作，一旦泵的速度稳定，开始从混砂器中加砂。
9、Continue to pump alpha wave , followed by beta wave till the screen is covered. Sand out … curve when the blind pipe above the screen annulus has been covered.
继续泵入alpha波，接下来是beta波知道筛管与裸眼井壁之间被砂充满。当筛管以上的盲管也充填完毕时，充填结束。
10、Strip up through the high drill to reverse access gravel in the work string in upper reverse position, the flapper anti-swabbing tool collet will locate up against the bottom seal bore in the gravel pack extension.
11、After access gravel has been reversed out and returns are considered clean at surface, pick up the work string to shear the flapper anti-swabbing tool. If it has been done before pumping the gravel pack, continue to pick up until the tool closes the sliding sleeve.
在多余的砂被反循环洗出，并且地面的返出液很干净时，上提工作管柱以剪切FAS tool 的阀板。如果在砾石充填之前就剪切了，继续上提，知道关闭shifting tool的滑套。
12、Once the crossover tool seals are above the SC packer seal bore, drop the acid place
ment ball, to shift the bypass tool isolation sleeve open and close the return bypass ports.
一旦crossover tool的密封是在防砂封隔器的密封孔，丢下打酸的不锈钢球，将旁通工具的封隔奥套筒打开，并且关闭上返的旁通通道。
This redirects the flow path to the inside diameter of the wash pipe.
重新将流动通道指引到了冲管的内部。
The well is now ready for the upper completion.
这口井现在已经可以上部完井了。
The Baker Hughes CSAP System provides one trip horizontal open hole gravel packing with the ability to pump the breaker system through wash pipe into the idea of the screen upon completion of the gravel pack.