英语字母及字母组合的发音规则
（一）元音字母的发音规则
1. 字母Aa的发音：
重读开音发/eɪ/ name face plane grape snake game classmate table baby sale 重读闭音发/æ/ bag black thank panda rabbit apple grandpa and can lamp fan lamb carrot trash flat ant dad man family fat happy 轻读发/ə/ about panda elephant America banana umbrella sofa vegetable
轻读发/ɪ/ orange village cabbage
重读发/ɑ:/ ask fast task answer after father giraffe class banana grass 在/w/后面发/ɒ/ want what watch wash quality /ʹkwɒlɪtɪ / 质量，品质
*例外water /ɔ:/
重读发/e/ any many anything anyone anybody anyway
重读发/eə/ parents various /ʹveərɪəs /各种各样的
2. 字母Ee的发音：
重读开音发/i:/ he she we these even complete完成compete竞赛，竞技
重读闭音发/e/ pen pencil ten red yellow elephant seven well yes very tell sell desk umbrella bed help chess menu fresh set get 轻读发/ə/ open problem children quiet science parents
轻读发/ɪ/ eraser eleven because before decide report design prepare
重读发/ɪə/ period/ʹpɪərɪəd/ 时段，时期
3. 字母i (y)的发音：
重读开音发/aɪ/ fine five nine kite time like knife drive ride climb child kind nice write white type sky why my try bye fly 重读闭音发/ɪ/ six it is pig milk gift this sister fish big picture window fridge English thin ill dish river visit listen tip ship y字母轻读时发/ɪ/ friendly usually happy easy healthy funny busy i轻读发/ə/ terrible possible pencil cousin
table的读音i重读发/i:/ police/pəʹli:s/警察magazine/mægʹzi:n/杂志
machine/məʹʃi:n/ 机器unique /ju:ʹni:k/唯一的，独特的
technique /tek`ni:k/技巧
4. 字母Oo的发音：
重读开音发/əʊ/ nose go open yo-yo no photo phone home those over close 重读闭音发/ɒ/ dog hot coffee doll from lock orange box long doctor sock
shop God strong office not stop often hobby drop 重读闭音发/ʌ/ son monkey mother come some colour love does money company become ton other another brother
轻读发/ə/ second toʹday comʹputer toʹday toʹmorrow toʹmato
重读发/u:/ do shoes to move移动remove去除tomb/tu:m/坟墓
o不发音：season reason
*三个o特殊发音的单词：woman /ʊ/women /ɪ/one /wʌ/
5. 字母Uu的发音：
重读开音发/ju:/ use useful usually cute duty music computer
重读闭音发/ʌ/ bus but sun sunlight supper fun cut duck gun jump run
hug study
重读闭音发/ʊ/ pull push bush put full bull(公牛)
轻读发/ə/ autumn succeed/səkʹsi:d/成功(动) success suggest/səʹdʒest/建议重读开音发/u:/ super blue ruller glue June true rude
重读发/jʊə/ during/ʹdjuərɪŋ/在…期间curious /ʹkjuərɪəs/好奇的
*两个u特殊发音的单词: busy/ʹbɪzɪ/ 忙的bury /ʹberɪ/ 埋葬
（二）元音字母与r字母组合的发音规则
1. ar字母组合的发音：
重读发/ɑ:/ are car card farm arm start art garden sharpener smart far park hard alarm party March mark dark
轻读发/ə/ sugar/ʹʃʊgə/糖dollar美元
在w后发/ɔ:/ warm warn war quarter/ʹkwɔ:tə/一刻钟；四分之一
2. er字母组合的发音：
重读发/ɜ:/ certainly serve term person
轻读发/ə/ sharpener hamburger under teacher tiger farmer driver summer
3. ir字母组合的发音
重读发/ɜ:/ bird third thirteen thirty girl first dirty firm
4. or字母组合的发音
重读发/ɔ:/ short fork sport morning report for born horse
轻读发/ə/ doctor vistor actor forʹget ʹmonitor班长
在w后发/ɜ:/ work word world worth值得的worm蠕虫
5. ur字母组合的发音
重读发/ɜ:/ purple turn nurse hurt hamburger Thursday Saturday curtain帘子轻读发/ə/ surprise惊讶surround/səʹraund/包围survive存活
（三）字母a与其它字母组合的发音规则
1. ai字母组合的发音：
重读发/eɪ/ paint rain rainbow tail wait train
轻读不发音certain certainly Britain curtain
特殊发音：said /e/
2. au字母组合的发音：
重读发/ɔ:/August cause fault autumn pause sauce调味汁sausage香肠发/ɒ/because Australia
发/ɑ:/ aunt laugh
3. al字母组合的发音：
/ɔ:/small tall fall talk walk
/ɔ:l/ always almost already salt altogether
/ɑ:/ half calm镇定，平静
4. aw字母组合的发音：
重读发/ɔ:/ draw paw爪子saw law法律dawn黎明crawl爬行
5. air字母组合的发音：
发/eə/ air chair hair airport repair pair upstair
6. are字母组合的发音：
发/eə/ prepare share care careful dare敢
7. augh字母组合的发音：
发/ɔ:/ taught teach的过去式caught catch的过去式daughter女儿naughty淘气的发/ɑ:f/ laugh
8. ay字母组合的发音：
重读发/eɪ/ day today pay play say way away may May hooʹray好哇，万岁！
轻读发/ɪ/ holiday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 特殊发音：says/e/
（四）字母e与其它字母组合的发音规则
1. ea字母组合的发音：
发/i:/ teacher teach peach seat team clean please read jeans cheap speak leave easy eat
发/e/ bread dead head heavy health healthy ready weather weather
发/eɪ/ great break steak牛排
发/ɪə/ real really idea
2. ee字母组合的发音：
发/i:/ meet three queen jeep see sheep tree feel feet bee
3. ear字母组合的发音：
发/ɪə/ ear hear near dear clear fear year
发/ɜ:/ heard hear的过去式learn early search寻research研究，调查
发/eə/ pear bear wear穿，戴
*特殊发音的单词：heart /ɑ:/心脏，心
4. ei字母组合的发音：
重读发/eɪ/neighbour /ʹneɪbə/邻居
重读发/i:/ receive收到seize抓住ceiling天花板
轻读发/ɪ/ foreign/ʹfɔrɪn/外国的foreigner外国人
5. ew字母组合的发音：
发/ju:/ few new news newspaper报纸
发/u:/ blew吹（blow的过去式）flew飞（fly的过去式）
threw扔（throw的过去式）crew全体船员
发/əʊ/ sew 缝纫
6. ere字母组合的发音：
发/ɪə/ here sincere/sɪnʹsɪə/真诚的mere仅仅，只是
发/eə/there where
7. eer字母组合的发音：
发/ɪə/ deer beer cheer peer同龄人，同伴engineer/ˏendʒɪʹnɪə/工程师
8. ey字母组合的发音：
重读发/eɪ/ they hey obey遵守grey灰
重读发/ i:/ key
轻读发/ɪ/ honey monkey donkey money valley山谷volleyball排球
9. eigh字母组合的发音：
发/eɪ/ eight eighteen eighty weigh weight
*特殊发音：height /aɪ/ 高度
10. ex字母组合的发音：
发/ɪks/ exʹpress表达exʹpressoion exʹplain解释exʹpensive贵的exʹperiment实验发/eks/ʹextra额外的ʹexcellent极好的ʹexercise练习，运动ʹexit出口
发/ɪgz/ exam考试exact确切的
（五）字母i与其它字母组合的发音规则
1. ie字母组合的发音：
发/i:/ piece片，块beʹlieve field田地thief小偷chief主要的，长官niece侄女
发/aɪ/die lie tie
发/aɪə/ quiet diet饮食science科学
发/ɪə/ fierce凶猛的
2. ire字母组合的发音：
发/aɪə/ tire（使）累hire雇佣wire电线inʹspire激励desire渴望admire崇拜3. igh字母组合的发音：
发/aɪ/ right fight high night bright light might (may 的过去式)
（六）字母o与其它字母组合的发音规则
1. oa字母组合的发音：
发/əʊ/ boat goat goal coat road load(载重，载入)
发/ɔ:/broad宽阔的abroad在国外
2. oar字母组合的发音：
发/ɔ:/ board板blackboard roar咆哮，怒吼soar高飞
3. oi和oy字母组合的发音：
发/ɔɪ/ boy toy joy enjoy oil油noise吵闹声noisy boil煮沸，沸腾，（水）开4. oo字母组合的发音：
发/ʊ/ 记住这些单词：book good goodbye look cook(煮，烹饪) wood(木头) foot
took understood stood hook (钩子) hooʹray好哇，万岁！
发/u:/ afternoon ballnoon too food school noon room noodle spoon boots soon cool tool fool moon
发/ʌ/ 记住两个单词：flood(洪水) blood(血)
5. oor字母组合的发音：
发/ɔ:/ 记住两个单词：floor(地板) door
发/ʊə/ 记住这个单词：poor(贫穷的)
6. ou字母组合的发音：
发/aʊ/ mouth cloud mouse sound house mountain about count south round 发/ʌ/ enough/ɪʹnʌf/ 足够的cousin country
发/u:/ you soup group routine/ru:ʹti:n/常规工作
发/əʊ/shoulder肩膀soul心灵
发/ɒ/*记住这个单词cough /kɒf/ 咳嗽
轻读发/ə/dangerous危险的famous出名的humorous幽默的
7. ough字母组合的发音：
发/ɔ:/ fought（fight的过去式）thought（think的过去式）brought（bring的过去式）bought（buy的过去式）