专题技能突破(5)
阅读理解之写作手法判断
【技能讲解】 常用的写作手法有：list data/give statistics 列数据 ， give examples 举例子 ， ask questions 提问题 ， make comparisons 作比较 ， classify facts 分类别 等。,判断写作手法时，需注意是否有明显的提示词，如一系列的数据， example的字眼， than或比较级词汇的使用等。
典例剖析
1.[2015·北京高考，B]
Revolutionary TV Ears
TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume (音量) and now it's better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute (静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment—maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.
TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That's why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists (听觉学家) nationwide as well as worldfamous doctors.
Doctor Recommended TV Ears!
“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a gre
at help in our enjoyment of television. As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.”
—Robert Forbes, M．D.，CA
Customer Recommended TV Ears!
“Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.”
—Darlene & Jack B．，CA
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QThis advertisement is made more believable by ________.
A．using recommendations
comparisonsB．offering reasons for this invention
C．providing statistics
D．showing the results of experiments
[答案] A 在第二段下方，文章引用了医生和顾客推荐的内容，故A项正确。
2．[2015·安徽黄山二次质检] Teamwork is all about working together to achieve a common goal or purpose. Is teamwork out of date? Why is it so hard to effectively conduct teamwork in those days?
One way we employ teamwork in everyday lives is by becoming a parent. It is parents' job to teach their children the basic skills and give them the knowledge they need to be successful in life. This, to me, requires teamwork.For example, the mother teaches her children manners and good health skills, while the father teaches them how to catch a ball or drive a car. However, in today's society, we find that more and more parents are feeling that this teamwork is a onesided thing. According to a report, there are 13.7 million single parents raising their children in the US and this could be due to the fact that parent
s don't take responsibility for their children, so they leave one parent to do it alone. This is a sad fact, and it reflects that effective teamwork is losing ground in the parenting aspect of our everyday lives.
Another place where teamwork affects us greatly is in our jobs. It doesn't matter if you have a small company or a large company：if you have at least one employee and yourself, then teamwork works. I have noticed that with the current economic recession (衰退), people are racing to grab jobs but the quality of people's work has gone down greatly. It just appears to me that people do not take pride in their work any more. They get to work as fast as they can, just to receive the paycheck, but their quality standards fly_right_out_of_the_window. So I think teamwork is losing ground in the workforce.
...
QThe author wants us to believe his opinion by ________.
A．listing some data B．giving some examples
C．asking some questions D．analyzing some cases
[答案] D 作者通过分析家庭生活中和职场上团队精神缺失的案例来支持自己的观点，故答案为D项。
技能演练
1....
Of course, politics is only one type of humor. Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy selfimage. On the topic of selfimage, Hari Kondabolu stands out. He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls”， describing their hit song Don't Cha as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture.
...
QThe fourth paragraph is developed mainly ________.
A．by example B．by process
C．by comparison D．by classification
答案：A 考查篇章结构。根据文章第四段的内容可知，作者是通过举例子来支撑自己的观点的，因此选A项。
2．...
The analysis comes just two years after Australian researchers found that people who said they watched TV for more than four hours a day were 46% more likely to die of any cause than people who said they spent less than two hours a day watching TV. Those watching TV for more than four hours a day were also 80% more likely to die of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. “Sedentary (久坐的) behavior is something we need to pay attention to, beyond telling people to get 30 minutes of activity a day，” said Peter T．Katzmarzyk, one of the lead researchers. But while the evidence of illnesses is increasing, it remains difficult for many people to find time to get on their feet, especially if they do desk jobs.
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