必修二  Unit5  Music
Word Study    period 1-3
学习目标:1. Be able to read the words and expressions correctly.
          2. Master the words and expressions appearing in the studying paper.
学习重点:1. The word formation
          2. The usage of some key words and expressions.
学习过程:
Ⅰ. 朗读单词词组 (A级)
1. Read by yourself.
2. Turn to your partners to make sure the pronunciations (Read to your partners. help to check the pronunciation each other.)
Ⅱ. 讲解
1. pretend
【观察思考】
Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a fomous singer like SondZuying or Liu Huan?
你唱卡拉OK时是否假装自己就像宋祖英或刘欢一样著名的歌星吗?
1) She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.
她假装很喜欢他们,借以获得他们的帮助。
2) His pretended friendship was part of the deception.
他所谓的友谊是一种。
【归纳用法】
pretend用作及物动词,意思为“假装;装扮;伪称(某事物);声称做某事;自称为某事物”。 常用结构有:
a sort of的用法pretend that…假装                    pretend sth/sb装扮
pretend to do sth 假装/声称做某事      pretend to be假装是
pretend to sth 自称有;自认为
pretend也可用作不及物动词,意思为“假装;自封;自称”。
2. attach
【观察思考】
To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.
说实在的,许多人把名和利看得重要。
1) The clerk attached a price tag to each article.
店员给每一件商品系上标价签。
2) This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.
这个医院附属附近的那所医学院。
【归纳用法】
attach可以用作及物动词和不不及物动词。
attach用作及物动词,构成 attach… to…结构, 义项有 (1) 系上; 附上, 贴上, 缚上, 拴上 (2) 使依附;使附属 (3) 把...归于 (4) (与oneself连用) 使参加;使附着 (5)认为有(重要性、意义)
attach用作不及物动词时,与介词to连用。
3. form
【观察思考】
But how do people get to form a band? 但是人们如何组织乐队呢?
1) He formed a band with some friends from school.
他和学校里一些朋友组成了一支乐队。
2) A plan formed in my head.
一个计划在我的头脑中形成。
【归纳用法】
form用作动词时,主要义项有:组成,形成;用作名词,主要义项是:形状,形式,表格。
常用词组:
form the habit of = develop the habit of = get into the habit of 养成……的习惯;
in form 形式上,情况良好;
out of form 状态不佳;
in the form of 以……的形式;
take the form of 采取……的形式
2. earn
【观察思考】
Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.
有时他们可能在大街上或地铁里为过路人演奏,这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。
1) He earns about $20,000 a year.
他一年挣2万美圆左右。
2) To work means to earn a living.
工作就是为了生活。
【归纳用法】
earn为动词,意思为:(1)挣得,赢得(2)获得;应得;博得。earn后可用双宾语,即earn sb sth。常见短语有:earn one’s/ a living谋生;earn a fortune挣一大笔钱。
3. extra
【观察思考】
Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.
有时他们可能在大街上或地铁里为过路人演奏,这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。
1) The perform is going to be a lot of extra work 
这次演出将有很多额外的工作。
2) The rate for a room is $30, but breakfast is extra.
一个房间收费30美元,早餐另付。
【归纳用法】
extra 有三种词性:
形容词,额外的;分外的;外加的;加班的;另外收费的;附加的;
副词,额外;另外;特别;格外;
名词,额外的事物,额外的钱。
4. hit
【观察思考】
The first show was a big hit. 第一场演出非常轰动。
1) The helicopter had taken eight hits, but somehow managed to land.
直升飞机虽然被击中了8次,但还是安然着陆了。 
2) The new film is making a great hit with the public.
【归纳用法】
作名词,多为可数名词,主要义项有:(1)打;击;命中(2)轰动一时的成功的人或事;风靡一时的作品
作动词时常作及物动词,有时为不及物。主要义项有:(1)打击;击中(2)使碰到;撞击(3)(主意、念头等)突然被想到 (4)袭击;使受害
与其相关短语主要有:
make a hit (with sb.) 大获成功;很受(某人)欢迎。
hit it off (with) 相处得好;合得来。
hit on 无意中遇到;偶然发现;忽然想起 (= hit upon)。
【易混辨析】
strike, beat, hit, knock辨析
这四个词都有“敲;打”的意思。strike强调用木棒、石头等的打,与hit用法接近;beat侧重“连续的敲击”,如:The raining is beating against the widow. beat也可以指“心脏的跳动”;knock强调“用力撞击”,如“将某人撞倒”可以说knock sb. down。
5. sort
【观察思考】
Can you sort them out? 你能把他们归类吗?
1) --What sort of music do you like?
你喜欢哪一类音乐?
--Oh, all sorts.
噢,哪一类都喜欢。
【归纳用法】
sort可用作名词或动词。作名词:(人或物的), 类,种,型。
作动词时常与out,连用,意为整理;分类整理,把……分类;澄清,使分清:通过在脑海中思考而消除(头脑中)的混乱。
习惯用语:
all sort(s) of (=of all sorts) 各种各样的
of the sort那样的; 这类的...., 诸如此类的...
and that sort of thing以及诸如此类的事情, 等等
a sort of一种, 可以说是...的东西
in any sort无论如何, 必须
in some sort多少, 稍微
out of sorts觉得不舒服, 情绪不佳, 心里不自在;
sort out (1)整理好(2)挑出(3)解决(4)整顿
6. afterwards
【观察思考】
He enjoyed singing and all the congratulations afterwards! 他喜爱演唱和随之而来的祝贺!1) Afterwards she was very sorry for what she did.
后来他很后悔他所做的。
2) Let’s buy some meat first and buy vegetables afterwards.
让我们先买点肉,然后买蔬菜。
【归纳用法】
afterwards 用作副词,意为“以后,后来”。注意:后缀-wards,常表示“朝……方向”,类似的
单词还有:towards(朝,向),forwards(向前),backwards(向后), eastwards(向东), westwards(向西),southwards(向南),northwards(向北),upwards(向上),downwards(向下)。
7. perform
Then, choose an English song for your “band” to perform.