二元酸与二元醇反应方程式
    英文回答：
    Reaction of Dicarboxylic Acids with Diols.
    Dicarboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain two carboxylic acid groups (-COOH). Diols are organic compounds that contain two hydroxyl groups (-OH). When a dicarboxylic acid reacts with a diol, an ester is formed. The reaction is typically catalyzed by an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
    The general reaction scheme for the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid with a diol is as follows:
    R(COOH)2 + HO-R'-OH → R(COOR')2 + H2O.
    where R and R' are alkyl or aryl groups.
reactive carbonyl species    The reaction proceeds via a nucleophilic attack by the hydroxyl group of the diol on the carbonyl carbon of the carboxylic acid group. This forms a tetrahedral intermediate, which the
n collapses to form the ester and water.
    Esters are important compounds that are used in a variety of applications, including as solvents, plasticizers, and fragrances. They are also found in many natural products, such as fats and oils.
    Examples of the Reaction of Dicarboxylic Acids with Diols.
    There are many examples of the reaction of dicarboxylic acids with diols. Some of the most common examples include:
    The reaction of phthalic anhydride with ethylene glycol to form dibutyl phthalate.
    The reaction of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol to form polyethylene terephthalate (PET)。
    The reaction of adipic acid with hexanediol to form nylon 6,6。
    These reactions are all used to produce important commercial products.
    Mechanism of the Reaction of Dicarboxylic Acids with Diols.
    The reaction of dicarboxylic acids with diols proceeds via a nucleophilic attack by the hydroxyl group of the diol on the carbonyl carbon of the carboxylic acid group. This forms a tetrahedral intermediate, which then collapses to form the ester and water.