定语从句例句
定语从句例句
定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句。下面是店铺为大家整理的定语从句例句,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。
定语从句例句(一):
关系代词
在定语从句中,能作关系代词的有whowhom、which、that。
(1)whothat指人
例:He is the man whothat lives next door.他是住在隔壁的那个人。
注意:关系代词在从句中作宾语时,whichthat坚持不变,who变为whom。
例:We wondered whom the book was about. 我们想明白这本书是关于谁的。
(2)whichthat指物
例:The book whichthat you borrowed me yesterday is interesting. 你昨日借给我的书很有意思。
定语从句例句(二):
关系副词
在定语从句中,能作关系副词的有why(表原因)、where(表地点)、when(表时光)。
例:This is the reason why I was late this morning. 这就是我今日早上迟到的原因。
This is the town where he was born.这是他出生的小镇。
Tom got married in 2000 when he was 24 years old. 2000年汤姆结婚了,当时他24岁。
注意:千万不要看见前面是原因、地点、时光就用why、where、when这些关系副词,关键
要看它们在从句中起名词还是副词的作用。
请看下头的例题:
This is the reason ______ I was late this morning.
This is the reason ______ I told you.
第一句中,the reason用来修饰迟到这个动词,表示早上迟到的原因(I was late because…),所以它起到副词的作用,要用why。
而第二句中,the reason 是told的宾语(I told you the reason),起名词的作用,所以要用whichthat。
reported
定语从句例句(三):
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
1、结构上的区别
限制性定语从句不用逗号与主句隔开
例:I have a sister who is a doctor.(限制性定语从句)我有一个当医生的。
非限制性定语从句需使用逗号和主句隔开。
例:I have a sister, who is a doctor.(非限制性定语从句)我有一个,她是当医生的。
2、意义及功能上的区别
限制性定语从句修饰和限制先行词,明确先行词资料,是先行词不可缺少的定语。如果删去,会影响主句意义的完整。
例:I have an elder brother who is a teacher.(限制性定语从句)我有一个当教师的哥哥。
(但我可能还有做其他工作的哥哥。删去该从句后,句子的整体含义发生了变化:I have an elder brother. 这句话的就意味着我仅有一个哥哥了。)
非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加补充说明。如果删去,不会影响主句意义的完整。
例:I have an elder brother, who is a teacher.(非限制性定语从句)我有一个哥哥,他是当教师的。
(删去该从句后不影响句子的整体含义:I have an elder brother.)
从以上两句句子中也能够看出限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的译法也有所不一样。
一般限制性定语从句会翻译成先行词的定语“…的”,而非限制性定语从句通常翻译成主句的并列句。
3、先行词的资料区别
大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语,而特殊情景下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句或是主句中的某些资料,此时非限制性定语从句常由which 引导。
例:A four-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.(非限制性定语从句)
一个四岁男孩会讲两门外语,这令所有在场的人感到十分惊讶。(令人惊讶的是“一个四岁男孩会讲两门外语”这件事,先行词为整个主句,所以应由which 引导非限制性定语从句。)
4、关系词使用上的区别
4.1 在限制性定语从句中,当关系词做宾语时能够省略。但在非限制性定语从句中,关系词是不可省略的。
例:Is this the magazine (that) she wants?(限制性定语从句)这是她想要的杂志吗?
例:The man returned home with the magazine, which he had bought in a bookstore.(非限制性定语从句)男人带着杂志回家了,这杂志是他在书店买的。
4.2 非限制性定语从句中不能使用关系代词that或why
例:Tennis, which is the best summer game, can be played by two or four players.(非限制性定语从句)网球是最好的夏日运动,能够有两个或四个人一齐玩。
这句话不能够写成:Tennis, that is the best summer game, can be played by two or four
players. 在语法上是错误的。
4.3 在限制性定语从句中有时可用who代替whom,可是在非限制性定语从句中不能够用who代替whom
例:He is the only doctor whowhom I can turn to for help.(限制性定语从句)他是我唯一能求助的医生了。(关系词作宾语时可用who代替whom)
例:He is a warm-hearted doctor, to whom I can turn for help.(非限制性定语从句)他是个好心的医生,我能够向他求助。
5、在非限制性定语从句中,“介词+关系代词”结构前能够使用all、both、most、some等词,与of whichwhom搭配。
例:Her daughters, both of whom studied abroad, wrote to her once every two weeks.(她的两个女儿在国外读书,她们每两周给她写封信。)
6、as引导非限制性定语从句
as作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句,对其进行说明,有“正如……,就像……”之意。
通常用于as we all know、as is said above、as is often the case等句式中。
as在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,引出的从句位置比较灵活,可位于句首或句末,也可置于主句中间。通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。
例:As was often the case, he forgot to bring the book. (他忘了带书,这很寻常。)=He forgot to bring the book, as was often the case.
定语从句例句(四):
as与which引导的定语从句
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句,有时能够互换,但下列情景多用as。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。 As we all know, the earth is round.
2. 当与such或the same连用时,一般用as。 Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.
3. 当从句和主句语义一致时,用as,反之则用which。 She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.
4. as在从句中作主语时,后面常接行为动词的被动语态,如be known,be said,be reported等,如从句中行为动词是主动语态,一般要用which作主语。
She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.
定语从句例句(五):
限制性定语从句
Can you tell me the date on which the accident happened?
你能告诉我这起事故发生的日期吗?
Here is the young man about whom we have heard so much.
这就是我们经常听说的那位年轻人吗?
The school where in which we are studying is callled the First Middle School.
我们就读的那所学校叫第一中学。
We’ll go to the place where at which the accident happpened.
我们将要去事故发生的那个地方。
The way in which you are doing it is pletely crazy.
你做这件事的方式十分疯狂。
The boss in whose department Mr. King worked had heard about the accident.
金先生工作部门的经理听说了关于这次事故的情景。
This is the book for which you asked.
这就是你要的那本书。
The man who talked to you just now is an engineer.
刚才和你说话的那个人是一位工程师。
I enjoyed the evening that we spent together by the sea.