及物与不及物动词相关要点总结
1. 通常作不及物动词用的动词或短语
ache appear agree belong disappear apologize argue quarrel arise bleed compete complain consist(in / of)
disagree depend (on) rely (on) exist fade function graduate happen occur hurry knock (at/ on)last laugh listen look stare glance matter object (to) progress refer (to) retire stick (to) struggle think (of / about / up) wait
die (away / out) get up, date back to / date from (易被误用于被动形式); stand for, take place,…
2. 通常作及物动词用而被误用为不及物的动词
accomplish complete block burden bury busy cover crowd cure disagree discuss (×about)
enter found injure wound limit load lose (遗失) mark mistake name call question replace situa
te (locate) solve
surround thank tolerate train trap update / lay off ; sort out / amaze astonish surprise shock amuse annoy bore
confuse delight disappoint discourage encourage disgust disturb embarrass excite frighten interest satisfy shock
terrify upset en- enable encage enchain entrap enlarge endanger encourage enrich enslave
-en darken widen (=broaden) lengthen strengthen tighten sharpen ripen (vi.& vt.)
3. 既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词的动词(意思基本相同)
increase decrease reduce decline improve scare worry calm (...) down , cool (...) down, slow(...) down,
speed (...)up, wake(...) up, give(...)up murder (vi. 杀人 犯杀人罪 vt. 谋杀 凶杀)
(sth) get across to sb vi. 被人了解/理解 讲清楚 (sb) get sth across vt. 使...变得清楚/被人理解
4. 既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词的动词(意思不相同)
allow (vt. 允许；给予；留出 vi. 容许 考虑) circle (vi. 盘旋 旋转 vt. 画圆圈 环绕…移动)
break down (vt. 打破 减轻 把...分解vi. 彻底失败 崩溃 出故障 停止运转 抛锚 (观点等)站不住脚)
date (vi. 注明日期；始于 vt. 确定…日期/年代；和…约会) decline (vi.下降 衰落 vt.谢绝)
escape (vi.逃脱 溜走 vt. 逃避 避免) face (vi.朝 向 vt. 面对 面临)
feed (vt. vi.靠...为生 喂/饲养) fire (vi.开 vt. 解雇) fly (vi.飞 飞行 vt.空运 放(风筝/飞机模型等)
give in (to...) (vi.向...屈服 让步；vt.呈交 上交) give out (vt.分发；散发 发表 发布；vi.耗尽 筋疲力尽)
grow (vt. 使生长；种植 vi. 发展；生长 link.v 渐渐变得 成长为)
hang ( vi. 悬着 垂下 悬而不决 vt.处(人)绞刑 绞死 悬挂 使悬而未决)
hurt (vi. 疼痛 带来痛苦 造成损失 vt.使受伤 使疼痛；伤害 损害)
lead ( vi. 通向 导致(to) vt. 领导 引导；致使 导致)
leave ( vi. 离开 出发 vt.离开 留下；遗弃；委托 听任)
manage ( vi. 应付过去 勉强维持 vt. 管理 经营；控制；设法)
marry (vi. 结婚 vt.娶 嫁；为...主持婚礼 operate ( vi. 运转；动手术 vt. 操作；经营)
pay off (vt. 还清(债务等)；vi. 得到好处 收到效果) promise (vt. 允诺 许诺 vi. 有指望 有前途)
reach (vi. 延伸；伸出手；传开 vt. 到达 抵达；伸出；影响)
return ( vi. 返回 回来 报答 vt. 归还 报答) review ( vt. 回顾；检阅 vi. 回顾；复习功课；写评
论)
set off (vi. 出发 动身；vt.引爆) serve ( vi. 服役 供职；可作...用 vt. 侍候 招待 服务；提供 端上)
set (vt.放 使...处于 树立；设置(背景 vi. (日/月等)落下去 下沉)
shelter ( vt. 保护 使掩蔽 vi. 躲避 避难) sleep (vi. 睡 睡觉 vt.为...提供床位)
stand (vt. 忍耐 经受得起 vi. 站立 link v. 处于某种状态)
survive (vt.幸免于 比...活得长 vi.幸存 生还) tend ( vt. 照料 照管 vi. 易于 趋向 倾向)
turn up (vt.) 朝上翻 卷起 折叠；调大(音量等) (vi.) 出现 到场 被到 出席；
turn out(vt. 驱逐；制造；生产；关(灯等) vi. 结果成为 结果证明是 发觉是(经历或试验之后)
witness (vi. 作证人 vt. 目击enable的名词形式 为...作证 为...证明)
work out (vt. 解决 设计出 计算出 vi. 运动 锻炼；带来好结果 证明有效的/令人满意的) …
5. 表示意思相同但有及物与不及物动词之分
不及物 及物 不及物 及物
arrive / get reach belong (to) own / have / possess
be born give birth to catch fire light / set… on fire / set fire to
die kill fall / set drop
go down bring / cut down / reduce go up / rise raise
go out put out grow up bring up / raise
lie (down) lay (down) make sense make sense of
run out / give out run out of / use up run short run / be / go short of
remain leave back out back out of
sit seat appeal (to) attract
come true realize / bring… into reality come back to life back to life
come into being bring ... into being come into existence bring ...into existence
come into effect bring ... into effect come into operation bring / into operation
come to one's mind bring / to mind come into use into use / to use
come to light throw light upon come to an end bring / put…to an end
pay up pay off ( come about bring about / cause / lead to / result in / give rise to)
发表评论