Discourse Patterns语篇结构举例
Advantages & Disadvantages（利弊类）
第一段：谈利  1) Nowadays, __ is playing an increasingly significant role /part in our lives/society. 2) Since its appearance, it has brought much benefit. 3) For example, ……4) In addition, ……5) Furthermore, ……6) In fact, it’s difficult to imagine what modern life would be like if there were no __.
第二段：谈弊1) However, __ can also generate some plaguing(令人苦恼的) problems as well. 2) For instance, … 3) Besides, …… 4) To make things worse, ……
第三段：结论1) Nothing can be perfect and everything has two sides.  __ is no exception. 2) Despite these problems, __ is nevertheless mankind’s benefactor---its advantages still outweigh its disadvantages. 3) We’re confident that we can overcome all the difficulties we might meet and the future of mankind will be brighter.
Problems (问题类)
第一段：提现象，列问题1）Nowadays, _____ has become one of the most serious problems /hottest issues confronting us. 2）For example, ……3）In addition, ……4）Furthermore, ……5）In a word, ……
第二段：列危害1)The problems brought about by--------  shouldn’t be neglected.2)For instance, ……3)Besides, ……4)To make things worse, …… 5)There is no doubt that it is high time we took actions and launched a battle against __.
第三段：谈解决措施1)To our relief, people have become conscious of the problems and many effective measures have been taken to solve it. 2) For example, …….3) However, __ is an endless fight. There is still a long way to go to conquer the problem.
Opinions (观点类)
第一段：提论题1）The recent years have seen /witnessed more and more college students taking a part-time job. 2）Whether students should do part-time job has become one of the hottest/ controversial issues. 3）People are sharply divided on this topic.
第二段：谈论点 1）Some people hold the opinion that ……2）They argue that only by __, can we __. 3）It not only …, but also…. 4）While some others take an opposing view. 5）They maintain that if one __, he could not__ 6）They believe ……
第三段：我的看法1）As far as I’m concerned, nothing can be perfect and everything has two sides. __ is no exception. 2）Obviously, both __ and __ have their own virtues and shortcomings. 3）Everyone can judge them in a particular way and make his choice accordingly. 3）The most important thing is to make full use of its benefits and try to avoid/minimize（缩小）.its disadvantages.
Reasons (原因类)
      第1句：现象。      第discourse2句：概述原因。        第3，4，5句：列举原因
1） The recent years have seen __. 2) Many factors contribute to this. 3) On the one hand, …… 4) On the other hand,…… 3) Furthermore, ……
句型
1. The more, the more.（平行句）
2. Only in this way/by doing so, can we…（倒装句）
3. It is __ that …（强调句）
4. What would happen, if there were no power? (虚拟语气)
5. Not only, but also…
6. Both…and
7. No pains, no gains.
8. Where there is a will, there is a way.