Centos7新增静态路由
环境说明:
主机名操作系统版本ip默认⽹关⽹卡名⽬的地址1⽬的地址2
centos7.6Centos 7.6.1810172.27.9.135172.27.9.254ens33172.28.105.0/24172.28.214.17/32
⼀、临时⽅式
1. 查看路由和ip
[root@centos7 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination    Gateway        Genmask        Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0        172.27.9.254    0.0.0.0        UG    100    0        0 ens33
10.244.0.0      10.244.0.0      255.255.255.0  UG    0      0        0 flannel.1
10.244.1.0      0.0.0.0        255.255.255.0  U    0      0        0 cni0
10.244.2.0      10.244.2.0      255.255.255.0  UG    0      0        0 flannel.1
172.17.0.0      0.0.0.0        255.255.0.0    U    0      0        0 docker0
172.27.9.0      0.0.0.0        255.255.255.0  U    100    0        0 ens33
[root@centos7 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:7a:68:80 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.27.9.135/24 brd 172.27.9.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe7a:6880/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
link/ether 02:42:bc:7f:3b:6b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
link/ether 96:fb:38:22:16:63 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.244.1.0/32 scope global flannel.1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::94fb:38ff:fe22:1663/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: cni0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether a6:93:72:c1:bc:6e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.244.1.1/24 scope global cni0
route add 添加路由valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::a493:72ff:fec1:bc6e/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
6: vethcc8de5ce@if3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue master cni0 state UP group default    link/ether 1e:70:7e:e4:47:c6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
inet6 fe80::1c70:7eff:fee4:47c6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2. 新增静态路由
新增到⽬的地址1的静态路由
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route add 172.28.105.0/24 via 172.27.9.254 dev ens33
新增到⽬的地址2的静态路由
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route add 172.28.214.17/32 via 172.27.9.254 dev ens33
查看路由信息
[root@centos7 ~]# route -n
⼆、永久⽅式
实现的形式有两种
1. 实现形式1
新增或编辑配置⽂件route-interfacename,interfacename为⽹卡名,本⽂为ens33
[root@centos7 ~]# view /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ens33
ADDRESS0=172.28.105.0
NETMASK0=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY0=172.27.9.254
ADDRESS1=172.28.214.17
NETMASK1=255.255.255.255
GATEWAY1=172.27.9.254
注意序号为0和1
重启⽹络
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart network
2. 实现形式2
[root@centos7 ~]# view /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ens33
172.28.105.0/24 via 172.27.9.254 dev ens33
172.28.214.17/32 via 172.27.9.254 dev ens33
重启⽹络
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart network
三、删除静态路由
1. 删除路由
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route del 172.28.105.0/24
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route del 172.28.214.17/32
[root@centos7 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination    Gateway        Genmask        Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0        172.27.9.254    0.0.0.0        UG    100    0        0 ens33
10.244.0.0      10.244.0.0      255.255.255.0  UG    0      0        0 flannel.1
10.244.1.0      0.0.0.0        255.255.255.0  U    0      0        0 cni0
10.244.2.0      10.244.2.0      255.255.255.0  UG    0      0        0 flannel.1
172.17.0.0      0.0.0.0        255.255.0.0    U    0      0        0 docker0
172.27.9.0      0.0.0.0        255.255.255.0  U    100    0        0 ens33
该⽅式会⽴即删除静态路由
2. 清除配置
rm route-ens33或者echo > route-ens33或者注释该配置⽂件的路由条⽬
#ADDRESS0=172.28.105.0
#NETMASK0=255.255.255.0
#GATEWAY0=172.27.9.254
#ADDRESS1=172.28.214.17
#NETMASK1=255.255.255.255
#GATEWAY1=172.27.9.254
下次重启时,静态路由永久删除
四、注意事项
添加永久静态路由⽅式⼀中要注意序号,由0开始依次新增,序号不能跳,若只有⼀条路由则序号为0;
两种永久⽅式不可以混⽤,否则配置的路由条⽬不会完全⽣效;
通过编辑配置⽂件/etc/rc.local,开机⾃启动⽅式新增静态路由⽅式不⽣效;