1. typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的representative；一贯的；平常的normal
【用法】
be typical of… ……典型的；……有代表性的
It’s typical of sb. to do sth. 某人一向如此做某事
【例句】
It is about a Chinese romantic story, typical of Chinese culture.
那是一个具有典型中国文化特的浪漫故事。
This painting is fairly typical of his early works.
这幅画是他早期作品中相当典型的代表作。
【活学活用】
(1) Typically, he always plays jokes on others.
____________________________________________________ (用it作形式主语改写句子)
(2) Jack is late again. ____________________________(他一向如此做……) keep others waiting.
2. adopt vt. 收养；领养；采用；采纳
【应试指导】
非谓语动词作定语或状语的考查
【用法】
adopt an approach/a strategy/a policy采用某方法/战略/政策
an adopted son养子
an adoptive father养父
adapt vt. 使适应；改造/编
adapt ... to使……适应……
【例句】
Our school has adopted a new teaching method. 我们学校已采用了新的教学方法。
He couldn’t adapt his way of life to the company. 他的生活方式无法适应公司的要求。
【活学活用】
用adopt，adapt的适当形式填空。
(1) The young couple had no children of their own and _______ an orphan.After a few months, the child came _______ to his new life.(adopt; adapt)
(2) _________ (adopt) a new method, they worked more efficiently.
(3) They treated their ________(adopt) son as their own son.
【答案】(1) adopted; adapt          (2) Having adopted          (3) adopted
3. possess vt. 拥有own；具有have；支配control
【应试指导】
in possession of作为高级词汇替换own，belong to
【用法】
be possessed of具有；拥有
be in possession of拥有……，主语为人
be in the possession of=be in one’s possession某物被某人拥有
come into one’s possession为某人所拥有
take possession of占有；拥有
【例句】
Mr.Smith was possessed of great self­confidence. 史密斯先生具有很强的自信心。
When her father died, she came into possession of a large fortune.
她父亲去世时，她继承了一大笔财产。
【活学活用】
He is in possession of the company.
(1) ______________________________________________________(transform的例句用the company作主语改写句子)
(2) ______________________________________________________(用possess短语改写句子)
(3) ______________________________________________________(用possess v. 改写句子)
【答案】
(1) The company is in the possession of him.
(2) He is possessed of the company.
(3) He possesses the company.
【解析】in the possesion of, be possessed of和动词possess，都有“拥有”之意。
4. attempt n. 企图，试图；尝试；努力 try；effort ；v.努力；尝试；试图 try；make an effort to
【应试指导】
作为高级词汇替换try
【用法】
attempt to do/尝试（试图）做……
make an attempt to do/尝试做……
at one’s/the first attempt第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事；希望做某事
make an attempt on sb.’s life企图杀某人
【例句】
The only time that we attempted to do something like that was in the city of Philadelphia.
只有在费城那次我们曾试着做那样的事。
It was one of his rare attempts at humor. 那是他极不常见的想要表现幽默的一次。
【活学活用】
(1) 语法填空。
① I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
② Someone has made an attempt on the president’s life.
③ He attempted to escape(escape) from the prison，but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
(2) 他们试图攀登那座小山。(一句多译)
①________________________________________ (attempt n. )
②________________________________________(attempt v. )
5. appeal n. 呼吁；恳求request；吸引力attraction；上诉；
v. 呼吁；恳求request；上诉；有吸引力 attract
【应试指导】
(1) appeal to作为高级词汇替换attract
(2) 环境保护类写作高频词汇
【用法】
appeal to sb.for/向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做……
appeal to sb. 吸引某人；投合某人所好
appeal to force诉诸武力
make an appeal to sb. 向某人提出呼吁
have no appeal for sb. 引不起某人的兴趣
【例句】
The Prime Minister appealed to young people to use their vote. 首相呼吁年轻人行使他们的投票权。
Music has little appeal for me. 音乐引不起我的兴趣。
【活学活用】
(1) On the other hand, the idea attracted him.
On the other hand, the idea ________ him. (用appeal改写句子)
(2) 他呼吁其他领导人为这项事业捐款。(一句多译)
①________________________________________________(appeal v. )
②________________________________________________(appeal n. )
6. aim n. & v. 瞄准；对准；目标
【用法】
miss one‘s aim未击中目标
have a high aim in life胸怀大志
achieve one’s aim达到目的
take aim at向……瞄准
without aim漫无目的
with the aim of doing sth. 意在做某事
aim at/for sth. 致力于，意欲，旨在
aim to do sth. 旨在干……；以……为目标
be aimed at对象是；针对
【活学活用】
(1) She went to London _________ finding a job.
她去伦敦是为了工作。
(2) Bob‘s one __________ is to earn a lot of money.
鲍勃的一个人生目标就是挣很多的钱。
(3) They‘re __________ training everybody by the end of the year.
他们力求做到在年底前人人得到培训。
(4) These measures are __________ preventing violent crime.
这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
【答案】(1) with the aim of      (2) aim in life      (3) Aiming at      (4) aimed at
【解析】考查跟aim相关的常见短语的用法。
7. exchange n.交换；互换giving and receiving；交流communication；兑换；
v. 调换；交换；交流communicate；兑换change