Lesson 32    Shopping made easy  购物变得很方便
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1.People are not so honest as they once were. 人们不再像以前那样诚实了。
1“not so + 形容词+ as”引导的是比较状语从句,表示较低的程度,通常译为不如……那样……”。(cf.本课语法)
2once表示以前曾经时只能与动词的过去式连用:
He once worked at a large company.他曾经在一家大公司工作过。
2.The temptation to steal is greater than ever before…偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候都更强烈……
1)不定式 to steal temptation的定语,说明是什么样的诱惑。
to引导不定式和to作为介词的区别很大:
The temptation to smoke is strong for him.对他来说吸烟有很强的诱惑力。(to smoke为不定式)
The cake on the table is a great temptation to the child.桌上的蛋糕对那孩子是个极大的诱惑。(to the child为介词短语)
2ever用于表示比较的从句中时意义为曾经以往任何时候在这句话中,省略的成分比较多,与ever before相比的是隐含的时间now,从句中省略成分为 it was(在 ever之前)。大多数含有比较状语从句的句子都可以省略句中的成分。
3.on Monday mornings,在星期一上午。
morning用复数形式是表示经常性的情况,它前面有修饰词Monday,所以介词要用on
4.One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. 有一个星期一,当这位妇女走进这家商场时,里面的人比往常少,因此,侦探比较容易监视她。
1one在此处表示某一个,不能用a 代替。
2)这个句子较长,there were引导的是主句,when引导的是它的时间状语从句,so引导的是结果状语从句,在主句和结果状语从句中又分别隐含比较状语从句。在结果状语从句中,it为先行词,真正的主语是不定式短语for the detective to watch her。不定式短语往往较长,作主语时通常要用先行词it作为形式主语:
It is easy for you to help me.你帮助我是很容易的。
5.as quickly as possible,以最快的速度。
as…as possible为固定短语,表示尽可能
He went home as soon as possible.他尽快回了家。
I have sent you as many books as possible.我已经把书尽可能多地给你送来了。
6.Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying.
然后,那妇女拿过包就走出了商场,根本没有付钱。
simply表示仅仅,有加强语气的作用。连词and表示动作的连续,相当于 and thenwithoug paying可以当成是整个句子的方式状语,即那妇女没有,…………paying为动名词。
7.The girl‘gave’her mother a free dress once a week! 那姑娘每星期“送”她母亲一件免费的衣服!
1 gave加引号,表示姑娘不是真正给,而是偷。
2 free在这里的含义为免费的不要钱的
Children under five years old travel free.5岁以下儿童免费旅行。
Tom gave me two free tickets.汤姆给了我两张免费的票。
3“once a+ 表示时间的名词可以表示频率:
He comes to the office once a day.他每天来办公室一次。
Frank writes to his mother once a month.弗兰克每个月给他母亲写一次信。
语法 Grammar in use
1.比较状语从句
在第8课的语法中,我们学习了形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。在比较级的用法中,实际上我们已接触到比较状语从句:
I know him better than you do.
我比你了解他。(than后面为比较状语从句)
比较状语从句含有或暗含有……相比的意思。除了than… more… than…这种结构外,它还包括 as+形容词/副词+as…, not so/as… as…, less… than…等结构。当句子里两个动词相同、时态也一样时,则第2个动词可以省略,比较从句就成了含蓄的从句。如果对比的东西很明显,那么为了避免重复,从句中有些成分、甚至整个从句都可以省略,因此这类句子往往不完整。比较完整的句子读起来要正规些:

2little few的用法
little a little 与不可数名词一起使用。 little表示否定,有几乎一点儿也没有的含义,在口语中我们常用 not much
a little 表示肯定,具有some的含义:
few a few 与复数可数名词连用。 few表示否定,与 little lesson复数相似,在口语中我们多用not many; a fewa little 相似,有some 的含义:
little的比较级为lessfew的比较级为fewer
词汇学习 Word study
1arrest
1vt.逮捕,扣留:
The police have already arrested the thief.警方已逮捕了那小偷。
When she was arrested, she refused to say anything.她被捕以后,拒不说话。
2vt.吸引(注意等):
The beauty of the woods arrested the tourists.树林的美丽景吸引了游客。
He was arrested by her words.她的话吸引了他。
3n.逮捕,扣留:
Tony is under arrest now.托尼现已被捕。
2aone
不定冠词a 的用法在第6课的语法中已经讲过,它通常用于表示不确定的人或事物以及第一次提到的人或事物:
I met a well-dressed woman this morning.今天上午我遇见了一位穿着考究的妇女。
表示数量时,onea 的语气要强:
It was one apple I ate, not two.我吃了一个苹果,而不是两个。(不可用a)
There is a book and a pen on the desk.书桌上有一本书和一枝笔。
I read only one book this week.这星期我只读了一本书。(不可用a代替)
不表示强调时,aone有时可以互换:
She will come home in a/one week's time.她一周以后就会回家。
叙述故事时常将one+ 表示时间的名词用于句首,而不用a
One day, a policeman came to his house.有一天,一个警察来到了他家。
One Monday, he went to the office as usual.一个星期一,他像往常一样去了办公室。
练习答案 Key to written exercises
1.关键句型练习答案
A People are not so honest as they once were(1.1); The temptation…is greater than ever before(11.1-2); there werefewer people…than usual (11.4-5); it was easier…to watch her (11.5-6); one of the most expensive dresses (11.7-8); wrapped it… as quickly as possible (11.8-9)
2.难点练习答案
One day…a postcard…an excursion…one thing…a fax… a form… a fax of one word…
3.多项选择题答案
1 c 2 c 3 c 4 b 5 b 6 c
7 a 8 d 9 a 10 d 11 b 12 c

lesson 32
once adj 曾经,以前
temptation n 诱惑
article n 物品,东西
wrap v 包裹
simply adv 仅仅
arrest v 逮捕
long long ago
i visited my mother once a month
once 连接从句,表示“一旦”
Once you leave my company,you must return the house
temptation to+动词原形
temptation to do sth
temptation to steal
resist the temptation to do抵抗不了什么的诱惑
i can't resist the temptation to laugh
article 文章:this is a good article
arctile/thing
article强调的是商店里的一个一个的东西,是可数名词
thing 指任何的东西
cargo 货物
goods 货物,商店里的货物的总称
Please wrap them (up) for me请替我把他们包好
wrap sth up
pack
i will take/get/have it。please wrap them for me please pack them for me
simply:only/just
arrest the criminal
arrest one's attention吸引某人的注意
the criminal was arrested。
sb be under arrest
control/under control控制/被控制
shopping made easy
text
as表示比较,不如
as...as...和什么一样
asadj/advas+比较对象
as quickly as possible尽可能快
he is as tall as i
this case is as light as that one
it is as heavy as that one这个东西不如那个东西重
as...as...的否定形式是as...,/not as ... as...
it is not as heavy as that one这个东西不如那个东西重
i am not as tall as you
i am taller than you/you are not as tall as i
less 原级=as...=as...
not as 原级 as
i am not so lucky as those fisherman
less 原级+than
i think
i thought 原以为
impulsion冲动
adventure冒险行动
watch:观察,监视,当心
watch the enemy
watch sth 当心
well-done
well+动词的过去分词
design
well-educated 有教养的
as usual想平常
than usual 比平常
be动词+形容词+for sb to do sth
so it was easier for the detective to watch her
it 是形式主语,for sb.重中的sb是逻辑主语
the teacher bought a lot of dresses to make her more beautiful
more是表示对别人的尊重
out of politeness
after a little time过了一会
递给(比较有权威的人) pass to一个一个的传递
hand in 上交
find out发现
find/find out
find sth sth 是看得见,模得着的,具体的
i find the pen
find out 后跟的宾语一般是抽象的
find out the truth
free 免费
fee 交费