山东省德州市乐陵市2019届中考英语复习 阅读理解 说明文（含解析）
                   
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说明文
A
The earth is about 4，600 million years old。 Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time， we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good， but more are not good for the earth.
Water pollution
A lot of people， birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
Air pollution
In big cities, factories， as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main cause of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example， Mexico city used to be a beautiful sunny capital， but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.
Soil pollution
In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.
Hope for the future
These problems are very serious for our future， so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution， our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better。 Let's be greener people！
1.___________ have made the earth change a lot。
A. Human beings    B。 Animals
C。 Plants    D。 People in other planets
2.There are ___________ kinds of pollution in this passage。
chocolate怎么读A。 two    B。 three    C。 four    D。 five
3.Pollution isn't a big problem now， is it？
A。 Yes， it is.    B. No, it isn't.    C. Yes, there is.    D。 No， there isn’t。
4.Which sentence is NOT right according to the passage？
A。 Most of things that we have done are good for our planet。
B. We must stop the factories from pouring waste water into the rivers and lakes。
C. Because of water pollution， many rivers and lakes are now dead.
D。 Water pollution is very serious nowadays.
5.Which sentence is RIGHT？
A。 Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds， it’s still a beautiful sunny capital.
B. Air pollution can make people sick.
C。 Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields。
D。 Factories， cars, trucks and buses are the main cause of soil pollution.
【答案】
ABABA【解析】【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是由于人类的活动，对地球造成的一些影响。人类的很多行为对地球是有利的,但是更多的行为是对地球有害的。作者主要从水污染、空气污染、土壤污染和对未来的希望来论述的这一话题。
根据短文第一段中Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years， but during that time， we have changed our planet in many ways.可知，人类在地球上已经居住了3万5千年，在这些年中,人们在很多方面改变了我们的星球。这里的we指代的是人类。故选A. 

根据短文第二、三、四段可知，文章中提到了地球上的三种污染，即水污染、空气污染和土壤污染。故选B。 

根据短文第二、三、四三段的内容可知,现在地球上有很多污染，并且很严重，因此污染是地球上的一个大问题。故应该选A。本题的题意是:现在污染不是一个大问题,是吗?不,它是.故选 A。

根据Factories have polluted the land and the water。 As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.可知C的说法是正确的;根据文意可知，由于工厂排放污水，造成了河流的污染，因此我们应该制止工厂排放污水,故B是正确的;根据短文第二段的内容可知,现在水污染非常的严重，故D也是正确的;根据Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.可知C不对。故选A。 

根据短文第三段Many people in cities now have serious health problems.的内容可知，由于空气污染，导致了人们的健康问题.故B的说法是正确的.根据Mexico city used to be a beautiful sunny capital， but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.可知A不对；根据most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields可知C不对;根据In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main cause of air pollution可知D不对。故选B. 

B
Do you want to become more clever？ Have you ever trained your brain？ Now there are some new suggestions， such as eating dark chocolate， having cold meat for breakfast and so on. You should also avoid watching soap operas， and spending time with people who have unhealthy diets (饮食）, according to a new book on getting “brain—fit"。
The book’s name is Teach Yourself Training Your Brain。 Writers Terry Horne and Simon Wootton say that their advice is from the latest research by experts around the world。 “For years we have thought our brain capability (能力） is decided by our genes （基因)。 But it’s now clear that it depends on our lifestyle. What we eat and drink, how we learn at school and what type of feelings we have are all important,” said Horne。