闽教版英语小升初英语语法知识复习全面汇总
一、词类
在英语中，动词、名词和形容词有时不太容易区分。如果无法一眼看出，可以采用以下方法来判断：首先用“一（量词）”和这个词连起来说，如果说得通，一般认为是名词；如果说不通，再用“很”去判断，即把“很”和这个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词；如果还是说不通，那么这个词就是动词。当然，还有一些很明显的词类，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等，可以直接判断。
1、动词
这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词、be动词和情态动词。
1）行为动词
行为动词是指表示某一动作或行为的动词，如sweep、live等。我们已经学过它们的四种形式：原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing。具体判断方法如下：先读整个句子，再读该单词，认识该单词
并理解其意思，然后看有无be动词（若是be going to就用原形）。如果有情态动词，就用原形；如果表示过去的时间状语，则用ed；如果是第三人称单数，就加s或es；如果不是第三人称单数，就用原形；如果没有情态动词，则再看有无表示过去的时间状语。
2）be动词
be动词包括am、is、are、was和were。我们已经学过它们的用法和变化形式。判断步骤如下：如果是第一或第三人称单数，就用was；如果是第二人称单数或所有复数，就用were；如果是第一人称单数，就用am；如果是第三人称单数，就用is；如果没有表示过去的时间状语，则再看人称。
XXX
Modal verbs are a special type of verb that we don't usually consider as verbs。Modal verbs can appear in the same sentence as n verbs。The modal verbs we have learned so far are: can。must。should。would。and may。We encounter can the most often。The verb that follows a modal verb is always in its base form。regardless of any other ns.
Nouns
Nouns represent things。and can be concrete or abstract。The key word for determining the form of a noun is usually the verb "to be." If the verb "to be" is am。is。or was。the noun is in its base form。If the verb "to be" is are or were。the noun takes an -s or -es ending.
Two important points to keep in mind: XXX always considered singular。so they always take is or was。and it's best not to rely on words like some。any。or a lot of to determine the form of a noun。as they can be misleading.
base的形容词
How to add suffixes:
a。In general。just add -s。e.g。book-books。bag-bags。cat-cats。bed-beds.
b。If the noun ends in s。x。sh。or ch。add -es。e.g。bus-buses。box-boxes。brush-brushes。watch-watches.
c。If the noun ends in a consonant followed by y。change the y to i and add -es。e.g。family-families。strawberry-strawberries.
d。If the noun ends in f or fe。change the f or fe to v and add -es。e.g。knife-knives.