字母及字母组合发音规律整理
1.单元音字母的发音规律。
重读 | 弱读 | |||||
字母 | 在开音节中的发音 | 例词 | 在闭音节中的发音 | 例词 | 发音 | 例词 |
a | /eɪ/ | ate | /æ/ | at | /ə/ /ɪ/ | zebra |
e | /i:/ | be | /e/ | bet | /ə/ /ɪ/ | absent |
i | /aɪ/ | kite | /ɪ/ | kit | /ə/ /ɪ/ | terrible |
o | /əʊ/ | note | /ɒ/ | not | /ə/ | parrot |
u | /ju:/ | use | / ʌ/ | us | /ə/ /ɪ/ | bonus |
2. 单个辅音字母的发音规律
辅音字母 | 发音 | 例词 | |
不变化的辅音字母 | p | /p/ | nap lip tap |
b | /b/ | lab bat | |
t | / t/ | bat fit rat | |
d | /d/ | zed kid | |
k | / k/ | kid kin | |
f | /f/ | fat fan | |
v | /v/ | van vet | |
z | /z/ | zed zen | |
h | / h/ | hat him hot | |
r | / r/ | run rat | |
j | /dʒ/ | jet jam | |
l | / ǀ/ | lam lab lot | |
m | /m/ | map man him | |
n | /n/ | ten nap | |
w | / w/ | win wet | |
3. 变化的辅音的发音规律：
变化的辅音字母 | c | /s/ | cycle nice rice(在“e、i、y前”) |
/ k/ | fact came cute | ||
g | /dʒ/ | age gym gin | |
/g/ | get gift foggy(不在字母“e、i、y前”) | ||
q | / kw/ | quit quick quiz (跟字母“u”) | |
x | / ks/ | next box text fox | |
/gz/ | exam | ||
s | /s/ | 在词首、双写和在清辅音后面 sad safe same miss kiss glass its cats likes caps maps | |
/z/ | 在元音和浊辅音后面 beds bags animals smiles photos | ||
-es | /z/ | Goes does tomatoes leaves thieves shelves knives cities countries hobbies factories Es在元音和浊辅音之后发/z/ | |
/iz/ | Faces roses matches noses teaches fishes rises watches Es在/s/，/z/ ， /ʃ/，/tʃ/后面发/iz/ | ||
-ed | / t/ | Worked liked, watched, noticed 在清辅音后面发/ t/ | |
/ d/ | Played, studied, entered, traveled 在元音和浊辅音后面发/ d/ | ||
/ id/ | Wanted，needed，hated 在t和d后面发/ id/ | ||
4. 元音字母组合的发音规律
元音字母组合 | 发音 | 例词 |
ai | /eɪ/ | wait e-mail |
au | /ɔ:/ | Autumn August daughter |
ea | /i:/ /e/ /eɪ/ | meat, bread, great |
ee | /i:/ | bee |
ei | /eɪ/ | weight |
ia | /ɪə/ | media |
ie | /aɪ/ /i:/ /aɪə/ | pie piece diet |
oa | /əʊ/ | boat coat |
oi | /ɔɪ/ | oil noise |
oo | /u:/ / ʌ/ /ʊ/ | room blood foot |
ou | /aʊ// ʌ/ /u:/ | touch house soup |
ue | /u:/ /ju:/ /ʊə/ | blue Tuesday Fluently influence |
ui | /ju:/ /u:/ | fruit suit |
5．单元音字母的re音节发音规律。
-re音节 | 发音 | 例子 |
are | /eə/ /ɑ:/ | fare, glare,are |
ere | /ɪə/ /eə/ | here, there |
ire | /aɪə/ | fire, hire |
ore | /ɔ:/ | store, shore |
ure | /jʊə/ | sure, pure |
6. .双元音字母的r音节发音规律。
双元音字母的r音节 | ||
字母组合 | 发音 | 例子 |
air | /eə/ | hair, air |
eer | /ɪə/ | cheer, beer |
ear | /ɪə//eə// ɜ:/ | dear, bear, learn |
oor | /ʊə//ɔ:/ | poor, door |
our | /aʊə//ɔ:/ | our, four |
7. 元音与辅音组合的发音规律。
字母组合 | 发音 | 例词 |
al | /ɔ:/ /ɔ:l/ | talk always |
ar | /ɑ:/ | car garden postcard |
aw | /ɔ:/ | draw saw paw |
ay | /eɪ/ /i/ | play today Sunday Tuesday |
er | / ɜ:/ /ə/ | her herb verb sister |
ew | /ju:/ /u:/ | news, blew, crew |
ey | /eɪ/ /i:/ | they hey key |
ir | / ɜ:/ | bird shirt skirt |
or | /ɔ:/ /ɜ:/ /ə/ | short work doctor |
ow | /əʊ/ /aʊ/ | slow cow now how |
oy | /ɔɪ/ | boy toy joy |
ur | / ɜ:/ | nurse turn purse |
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