一.时间介词的用法辨析
时间介词inonatby的用法辨析
介词in用来表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如:in the morning
介词on用来表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间。如:on a rainy day
介词at用来表示特定的时间、节日、年龄等。如:at noon
介词by表示…的时候、到、等到…已经等用在天、时间的前面。如:by 2 oclock
时间介词inafter 的用法辨析
介词in + 一段时间用于一般将来时。如:Well go to school in two weeks.
介词after + 一段时间用于一般过去时。如:My mother came home after half an hour.
介词after + 时间点常用于一般将来时。如:Well go out for a walk after supper.
时间介词forsince的用法辨析
介词for 表示一段时间如:I have been living here for 10 years.
介词since 表示从过去某一时间以来如:I have been living here since 2000.
时间介词duringfor的用法辨析
当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如:He swims every day during the summer.
如果一段时间不明确则用介词for如:I havent seen her for years.
时间介词beforeby的用法辨析
介词before表示“在…之前”如:He wont come back before five .
介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”如:The work must be finished by Friday.
时间介词tilluntil用法的异同
tilluntil用在肯定句中,均可表示“直到…为止”,如:I will wait tilluntilseven o'clock
tilluntil用在否定句中,均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。
如:Tom didn't come back tilluntilmidnight
till多用于普通文体,而 until则用于多种文体,并且在句子开头时,用until而不用till
如:Until he comes backnothing can be done
不用介词表达时间的几种情况
当表示时间的词前有this, that时,其前面不用介词,如:this morning
当表示时间的词前有next时,其前面不用介词,如:next Sunday
当表示时间的词前有last时,其前面不用介词,如:last Sunday
当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, someall时,其前面不用介词,如:You can come any day.
二.方位介词与地点介词的用法辨析
方位介词on, over, above的用法辨析
介词on表示一物放在另一物上面,两者紧贴在一起,如:The book is on the table.
介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在…上方”,如:Is there any bridge over the river?
介词above表示一般的“高于…”,“在…之上”,如:There was an electric clock above his bed.
方位介词underbelow的用法辨析
介词underover的反义词即“在…下方”,如:They were seen under the tree.
介词belowabove的反义词即“低于…”,“在…之下”,如:They live below us.
方位介词across,throughover,past的用法辨析
介词across着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”,强调从表面穿过。
如:She went across the street to make some purchases.
介词through着重于“穿越”,强调从一定的空间内穿过。
如:The sunlight was coming in through the window.
介词over多表示从“上方越过”,如:He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.
介词past表示从“面前经过”,如:Someone has just gone past the window.
方位介词inonat的用法辨析
介词in表示“排、行、组”,如:We are in Team One.
介词on表示“左、右”,如:Li Ping is on my left.
介词at表示“前、后”,如:I sit at the front of the classroom.
方位介词tofor的用法辨析
介词to表示目的地或去的目的,如:Wil you take a train to Tianjian.
介词for表示动身去某地,如:He got on a train for Shanghai.
地点介词atin的用法辨析
介词at表示较小的地方,如家、村、乡村等,如:He lives at a small village.
介词in表示较大的地方,如大城市、国家、洲等,如:He lives in Beijing.
地点介词aton的用法辨析
介词at用于门牌号,如:He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road.
介词on用于路名,如:He lives on Nanjing Road.
地点介词inonto的用法辨析
介词in表示“包含”如:Beijing is in the north of China.
介词on表示“紧邻”如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S.
介词to表示“没接触”如:France lies to the south of England.
. 特殊疑问句
  1. 定义
  以特殊疑问词开头,对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问 / 进行发问,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答,不用yesno,的句子叫特殊疑问句。
 2. 特殊疑问词全搜索
  一句话: wh-开头外加能与之结伴同行的名词; how及它的形容词兄弟妹们,即如: what where which what class what time what number who, whom, whose,howhow many how old how much等。
  无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:
Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘?
What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘?
Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? 咖啡和茶,你喜欢喝哪种?
What do you usually drink before dinner? 你饭前通常喝什么?
  Whomwho的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:
Who(m) did you meet on the street?你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)
Who(m) are you taking the book to?你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)
To whom did you speak on the campus?你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词后,不能用who取代)
3. 特殊疑问句的构成特殊疑问句由"特殊疑问词+一般疑问句"构成:
    How old are you? 你多大了?
    What's this in English? 这个用英语怎么讲?
但特殊疑问句有时也要"特殊解":即如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,这时的特殊疑问句看起来成了"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。如:
Who's not here today? 今天谁没来?
  Which pen is red? 哪枝钢笔是红的?
  4. 特殊疑问句的语调小插件
  一般说来,特殊疑问句都要读成降调(),并往往让最后一个单词承担此重任。如:
  What row are you in()? 你在第几排?
  Where is"E" ()? "E"在哪里?
  5. 对特殊疑问句的答复小扫描
疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,疑问代词一般都放在句首,并在句中作为某一句子成分。如:
What is this? what作表语)这是什么?
what color is it ? 什么颜?
Which is bigger, the left one or the right one? which作主语)哪一个大一点,左边的一个还是右边的一个?
What are you talking about? what作宾语)你在说什么?
Who will go with you? who作主语)谁和你一起去?
Whom are you talking to? weight是什么词性whom作宾语)你在跟谁说话?
Whose dictionary is this? whose作定语)这是谁的字典?
What's the capital of your country? 贵国首都是哪儿
What's your motherland? 你祖国是哪儿?
  回答特殊疑问句,不能用"yes / no";但可用"到什么山上唱什么歌"来形容对特殊疑问句的应答- -即问什么答什么(尤其是简略回答更明显)。如:
  -How old is your sister? 你妹妹今年多大了?
  -She's only five. / Only five. ()5岁。