交通运输经济学专业术语（中英文对照）
1.绪论
重商主义:(mercantilism)
重农主义:(physiocracy)
古典经济学:(classical economics)
新古典经济学:(Neoclassical economics)
经济人:(HomoEconomicus)
微观经济学:(microeconomics)
宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)
稀缺:(scarcity)
市场经济:(market economy)
计划经济:(command economy)
混合经济:(mixed economy)
实证经济学:(positive economics)
规范经济学:(normative economics)
2.交通运输需求
需求:(demand)
需求数量:(quantity demanded)
价格:(price)
个人需求:(personal demand)
市场需求:(market demand)
需求表:(demand schedule)
需求法则:(law of demand)
替代效应:(substitution effect)
收入效应:(income effect)
需求曲线:(demand curve)
收入:(income)
正常商品:(normal good)
劣等商品:(inferior good)
替代品:(substitute)
互补品:(complement)
消费偏好:(consumer preference)
弹性:(elasticity)
需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)
需求弹性:(elasticity of demand)
需求收入弹性:(income elasticity demand)
奢侈品:(luxuries)
生活必需品:(necessities)
劣等商品:(inferior good)
需求交叉弹性:(cross elasticity of demand)
消费选择:(consumer choice)
边际效用递减规律:(law of diminishing marginal utility)
总效用:(total utility)
边际效用:(marginal utility)
消费者剩余:(consumer surplus)
消费者偏好:(consumer preference)
无差异曲线:(indifference curve)
消费者预算线:(consumer budget line)
消费者均衡:(equilibrium for consumer)
价格消费曲线:(price consumption curve)
交通运输需求:(derivative demand)
3.旅客与货物运输需求
旅客运输需求:(passenger transport demand)
客运广义费用:(ceneralized passenger transport cost)
货物运输需求:(foreight transport demand)
货物广义费用:(generalized freight)
4.城市交通需求
城市:(city)
城市地区:(urbanized area)
城市人口:(urban population)
城市聚集效应:(habitat benefit)
城市规模:(urban scale)
交通出行:(traffic)
旅客运输:(passenger transportation)
交通出行需求:(traffic demand)
交通出行广义费用:(generalized travel cost)
交通拥挤:(traffic congestion)
出行形态:(trip pattern)
城市交通结构:(traffic model structure)
交通需求管理:(Transportation Demand Mangement)
基于时间的道路收费:(time-based road pricing)
基于距离的道路收费:(distance-based road pricing)
基于拥挤的道路收费:(congestion-based road pricing)
停车换乘:(park-and-ride)
车辆共用:(car-sharing)variable什么意思中文
公共交通优先措施:(public transit priority)
交通宁静措施:(traffic calming)
高载客车道:(High Occupancy Vehicle,HOV)
停车管理措施:(car-parking planning)
行人非机动车措施:(pedestrian and non-motorized transport measurement)
可变信息信号:(Variable Message Signs,VMS)
匝道控制:(ramp metering)