Unit3 Times change
SectionI Startingout&Understanding ideas
Words
1.decade n. 十年,十年期
2.elderly adj. 年老的
3.sympathy n. 同情
4.shelf n. 搁板，架子
5.furniture n. 家具
6.saleswoman n. 女销售员
7.leadership n. 领导;领导地位
8.organic adj. 有机的,绿的
9.humble adj. 简陋的
10.dusty adj. 布满灰尘的→dust n. 灰尘
11.compete v.access例句 竞争→competition n. 竞争
Phrases
1.draw 从……得出结论
2.in time 及时
3.drop in 顺便走访
4.a bunch of 一
5ment on 对……的评价
6.for good 永远
7.take over 接管
8.turn into 变成
9.pop up 突然出现,冒出来
10.look up at 仰望,向上看
11.back to life 使……复活/恢复正常
12.play an important role 起重要作用
Key words
1.drop in顺便拜访
[知识拓展]
drop in on sb. 顺便拜访某人
drop in at sp. 拜访某地
drop into a place 顺便去一个地方
drop out(of sth.) 退出；辍学
例句：
Tony dropped out and wandered around every day.One day on his way home, he dropped in at a restaurant to have lunch.Then he dropped in on his uncle.
2.sympathy n.
[知识拓展]
(1)同情
have/feel sympathy for sb.对某人怀着/感到同情 express/offer (one's) sympathy表达/表示同情
get 得到……的同情 out of sympathy () 出于(对......的)同情
in sympathy 同情地 （in+n.= adv.)
(2) sympathetic adj.同情的，有同情心的 feel/ be sympathetic to/ towards 同情
例句：
(1)We should feel sympathy for the disabled rather than make fun of them.
我们应该同情残疾人，而不是取笑他们。
(2)When he dropped in at the store, he expressed his sympathy for its closure.
他造访书店时，表达了对书店倒闭的同情。
(3)Out of sympathy for the earthquake victims, the kind-hearted lady gave away her clothes and quilts to them.
处于对地震受害者的同情，好心的女士给了他们她的的衣服和被子。
(4)She pressed my hand in sympathy. 她同情地仅仅握住我的手。
3pete v.竞争；比赛
[知识拓展]
compete with/against与(某人) 竞争 compete in参加……比赛；在......方面竞争
compete for为(荣誉、奖牌等) 而竞争
compete with/ against ... 为争取......而与......对抗/竞争
例句：
(1)In this competitive world,we are all competitors and everybody competes with each other. We should make a good atmosphere of competition.
在这个充满竞争的世界里，我们都是竞争者，大家相互竞争。我们应该营造一个良好的竞争环境。
3.(1) emphasise v强调，着重
emphasise 强调...
It should be 应该强调的是…
(2)emphasis n.强调；重点
lay/put/place emphasis on 把重点放在……；强调
例句：
（1）The teacher emphasised/ highlighted the importance of devotion and self-discipline.
（2）She emphasised that their plan would mean sacrifices and hard work.
（3）It should be emphasised that this is only one possible explanation.
(4)Grant puts a special emphasis on weather in his paintings.
4.take over接管；掌管
[知识拓展]
take up 占去(时间/空间)；从事……；拿起；改短(衣服)
take off 脱(衣服)；起飞；成名
take in 吸入；领会；包含；收留(某人)
take away 拿走；把……带走；剥夺
take back 收回(说过的话)
take down 写下；记下
take on 呈现；雇用
例句：
(1)She decided that I was the ideal person to take over the job.
5.pop up 突然出现，冒出来
[知识拓展]
make up 弥补；构成；编造；组成
clear up 清理；整理；放晴；收拾
dry up 干涸；枯竭；干透；干瘪
turn up 开大；出现；来到；到
go up 上升；上涨；建起；增长
set up 设立；建立；创立；树立
take up 占去；开始从事；占据；拿起
send up 发射；发出；射出；呈递
think up 想出；发明；设计出；编造
例句：
(1)They're going to send up another manmade satellite next year.
(2)It all depends on the weather clearing up．
(3)You solved one problem and another would immediately pop up.
6pete v．比赛；竞争
[知识拓展]
(1)compete in 参加竞争；参与……比赛
compete with/against sb.in sth. 在……方面与……竞争
为……而比赛/竞争
(2)competitor n. 竞争者；对手
competition n. 竞争
competitive adj. 竞争的
例句：
Many firms compete with each other in their products.This firm had better products than its competitors, so it came first in the competition.(compete)
Sentence Patterns
The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighbourhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
这家书店固定开设在附近，享有盛名，是一个任何人都可以因为爱看书来而顺便进来，并与他人建立良好关系的地方。
句式分析:句中which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the bookstore；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a place，相当于at which。
(名师指津)当先行词是表示地点的名词时，用关系副词where还是that/which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在定语从句中作何种成分。若关系词在从句中充当状语，则用where引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用which或that引导。
[即学即练]
①This is the house where he lived last year.
②This is the house which/that he visited last year.
SectionII Using language
1.过去进行时的被动语态的构成
(1)肯定句:主语 +was/were + being + 过去分词 + 其他 .
Another bridge was being built over the Yangtse River then. 那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。
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