排球是一位名叫威廉·基·摩根的体育干事于1895年在美国发明的。半个多世纪后的1964年日本东京奥运会赛场
上,男子排球和女子排球比赛同时亮相奥运会赛场。
2004年雅典奥运会,奥运会排球比赛的规模已由最初的10支男队和6支女队发展到男女各12支队伍。迄今为
止,共有7支男队(苏联、日本、波兰、美国、巴西、荷兰、南斯拉夫)和4支女队(日本、苏联、中国、古
巴)荣膺过奥运会排球冠军的殊荣。
排球1905年进入中国,并在新中国生长壮大,中国女排在1984年中国首次参加奥运会时便一鸣惊人,夺得桂冠
20年后又在雅典重温奥运会冠军梦,将她们的世界冠军头衔增加到7个。
1.排球运动:volleyball
2.沙滩排球运动:beach volleyball
3.软式排球运动:soft volleyball
人员
4.排球运动员:volleyballer; volleyball player; spiker
5.1号位队员;后排右:player No. 1; right back
6.2号位队员;前排右:player No. 2; right forward
7.3号位队员;前排中:player No. 3; center forward
8.4号位队员;前排左:player No. 4; left forward
9.5号位队员;后排左:player No. 5; left back
10.6号位队员;后排中:player No. 6; center back
11.前排队员:front-row player; forward
12.后排队员:back-row [backline; backcourt] player; back
13.攻击[扣球]手:attacker; spiker; killer
14.主攻手:chief spiker
15.副攻手:second spiker
16.二传手:settertosser
17.主二传:chief [specialist] setter
18.接应二传:second setter
19.进攻组织者:game maker
20.自由人:libero
21.第一[正]裁判员:(firstreferee
22.第二[副]裁判员:second refereeumpire
23.司线员:line judge; linesman
规则
24.局:game
25.休息暂停:time-out for rest
26.技术暂停:technical time-out
27.轮转换位:rotation
28.轮转顺序:rotational order
29.同排队员换位:lateral switch
30.持球:holding; catching; sticky; held ball
31.捞球:scooping
32.推球:shoving; pushing
33.带球:carrying
34.举球:lifting
35.连击:double hittouch; dribbling
36.四次击球:four hits
37.界内球:fair ball
38.出界:outside
39.压线球:ball on line
40.触手出界:touch out
41.触网:touch net; net fault
42.不过网:not over the net
43.碰标志杆:touch the rod
44.下[入]网:net in
45.过网击球:over-[cross-]net hit
46.拦网犯规:blocking fault
47.越过中线:passing the center line
48.脚步犯规:foot fault
49.轮转犯规:rotational fault
50.位置错误:positional fault; overlapping
51.换人违例:illegal substitution
52.双方犯规:double foul
53.对方失误送分:points from opponents' errors
54.个人警告:personal warning
55.比赛规则委员会:Rules of the Games Commission
发球
56.发球:serviceserve
57.发球队员:server
58.关键时上场发球的队员:pinch server
59.发球方:serving team [side]
60.发球次序:order of service; serving order
61.发球得分:ace; service point
62.发球失误:service error
63.发球违例:service fault
64.换位(发球后):change of position; switching
65.抛球:toss
66.上手[网球式]发球:overhand [tennis] service
67.下手发球:underarm[underhand] service
68.侧面发球:sidearm[side-hand]service
69.钩手发球:hook service
70.砍式发球:chopping service
71.扣球式发球:smash[cannonball]service
72.抡臂[大力钩手]发球:windmill [roundhouse] service
73.跳起发球:jump service
74.大力跳发:smashing jump service
75.擦网球:net ball
76.发高[顶棚]吊球:lobbing [ceiling; sky] service
77.发近网吊球:drop short service
78.发旋转球:spinning service
79.发飘球;日本式发球:floaterfloating [Japanese] service
80.发上手飘球:overhand floater
81.发下沉球:drop [sink] service
82.发保险球:safe service
83.发怪球:freak service
84.发球时遮挡对方视线:screening
85.破坏对方一传:break [upset] the opponents' first pass
接球
86.接球:receivereception
87.接发球:receive a service; service reception [return]
88.接发球队员:receiver
89.接发球一方:receiving side
90.接发球阵形:receiving[service reception] formation
91.6人接发球阵式:six-man[-person]service reception
92.W接发球阵形:W[W+1;1-3-2]service reception
93.关键时上场接球的队员:pinch receiver
94.垫球:dig; forearm [under; underhand]pass
95.小臂垫球:forearm digging
96.过网的高球:free ball
97.够得着:service faultwithin reach
98.够不着:out of reach
99.接球失误:receive miss
100.接球不稳的:butter-[glue-]fingered
101.救球:retrieverecover; save
102.滚动救球:rolling dig
103.侧滚动:side roll
104.日本式滚动:Japanese roll
105.鱼跃:fish dive[jump]
106.向前鱼跃:forward dive
107.扑救;鱼跃救球:diving retrieve; recovery dive
108.救起球:pick up
109.救入网球:recover a net ball
传球
110.传球:pass
111.单手传球:single-hand pass
112.双手垫球:two-hand dig
113.上手传球:overarm[overhand]pass
114.肩下传球:dig pass
115.倒地传球:fall down pass
116.高传;high pass; lob
117.跑动传球:running pass
118.一传:first pass
119.一传队员:first passer
120.一传不到位:poor [misplaced] first pass
121.调整球:adjust a poor pass
122.二传;托球:setup;toss; second [set] pass
123.正面二传:forward set
124.背传:back set[pass]
125.侧传:side pass; sideway volley
126.跳起二传:jump set
127.晃传:feint set
128.上手二传:overarm set
129.单手二传:single-hand set
130.低二传:low set
131.高二传:high set
132.平传:parallel [shoot] set
133.平拉开:flat [wide] set; open toss
134.传近网球:close set
135.传远网球:deep set
136.传球过头:overpass
137.二传太远:overcast a setup
138.第三传(直接推过网):third pass
139.中一二阵形:setter-in-forward-center formation; W formation
140.边一二阵形:setter-in-forward-wing formation
141.三三配备:3-3[three-setter]systemsystem of pairs
142.双二传制:two-setter system
143.五一配备:5-1 [one-setter] system