经验分享船舶过巴拿马运河的注意事项
1. 巴拿马简要介绍巴拿马运河(英语:Panama Canal;西班牙语:Canal de Panama)位于中美洲国家巴拿马,横穿巴拿马地峡,连接太平洋和大西洋,是重要的航运要道,巴拿马运河由美国建造完成,1914年开始通航。现由巴拿马共和国拥有和管理,属于水闸式运河。
现巴拿马运河有2种过运河方式供选择,即过旧闸和新闸。1).旧闸Panamax Locks:1914年开始运行的原始船闸,船闸长 304.8米宽32.3米深度12.8米。从北到南共6道闸,可简单记忆为“3+1+2”,呈中高两低水位态势,即从大西洋侧驶入前3道闸(Gatun Locks),在Gatun 湖和航道航行约2-3小时后,再途径1道闸(Pedro Miguel Locks)后,最后再过2道闸(Miraflores Locks) 驶入太平洋。通常可被当局接受通行的商船最大尺寸为: 船长294.13米, 船宽32.31米,限水尺是12.04米(热带淡水密度0.9954)。
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2). 新闸Neopanamax Locks:2016年6月26日扩建后的运河船闸长427米,宽55米,深18.3米。从北到南共6道闸,可简单记忆为“3+3”,从大西洋侧驶入前3道闸(Agua Clara Locks),过完Gatun湖后,再过3道闸(Cocoli Locks) 驶入太平洋。通常可被当局接受通行的商船最大尺寸为: 船长367.28米, 船宽51.25米,限水尺是15.24米(热带淡水密度0.9954)。
2.过河前港口文件1)VUMPA - ELECTRONIC PRE-ARRIVAL 120HRS PRIOR ARRIVAL 简单一句话:尽可能早(120小时以上)的递交电子预到达声明,日后再补全修正信息。The Pre-Arrival declaration must be submitted into VUMPA – Panama Maritime Marine Portal 120hrs prior vessel arrival。当局要求的相关文件在到港前由船舶代理上传到当局系统,Pre arrival information的有效提供关系到是否允许过河,在可行情况下,可以发送预计性数据给代理,为了符合96HRS截止时间,最终数据可以在离开上一个港后发送给代理。Color Red – Preliminary and Arrival Questionnaire;Color Yellow – Panama Canal Forms for docking or Transit。注:电子PRE-ARRIVAL和过巴拿马相关文件获取,可后根据文末关键词在台回复获取下载链接。
2)过河船舶需要准备以下文件按照代理要求提前准备,按照部门要求打印分类准备好!
2.1过运河船舶 Transit Vessel· Vaccination List· Bonded Stores· Crew effects List· Narcotics list ( if not please send nil List)· Ships store· Waste disposal ( receipt or prove where and went disposal landed)· Last port of clearance (on color copy)· Copy of Stowage Plan
2.2附加文件-靠泊时Additional Documents for ships berthing/docking· IMO Crew List signed and stamped.· Ship’s Registry· Ship’s Particulars· AMP Annual taxes (Panama Flag Only)· Radio License Certificate (Panama Flag only)
2.3到港打印文件For Panama Canal Authority - Quarantine Boarding Officer (Printed copies on arrival)重点:必查的文件,所有资料和文件打印备妥;· Ship Information Quarantine Declaration SIQD (1 copy) (excel attached)· Stowage plan (cbm)· Crew List· Last Port of Calls· Last Port State Control· Copy ITC-1969· Copy ILL-1966· Copy of Pilot Portable Unit Antenna Location· Any additional document will be on Canal inspector discretion.
2.4首次过运河要求文件For initial transit Requirement Documents (Electric Formats)要点:首次过运河船一定提前发送以下证书和电子图纸资料,尤其是船上网络受限船,避免延误过河!非首次过河船无需再发送!首次过运河要求:The following documents are mandatory for the initial transit of the Panama Canal. They must be provided in electronic format (i.e. WORD, EXCEL, PDF, TIFF, JPEG to the ACP at least 96 hours prior to arrival.)
2.4.1)船舶证书方面:· International Tonnage Certificate· PC/UMS Documentation of Total Volume (suitable substitute)· Volume Calculations (if available)· Suez Canal Certificate (if available)· Load Line Certificate (if multiple load lines exist, provide the one with the least freeboard)· Pilot Card (vessel speed and general information)· Ship Particulars· Certificate of Registry· Ship Classification Certificate· Minimum Crew Safe Manning Certificate· International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate· Passenger Ship Safety Certificate – Form P (passenger vessels only)· International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate· Certificate of Fitness (for tank vessels)